Clinical outcome and complications of thoracic and pelvic limb stump and socket prostheses

Abstract

Recent advances in the field of immuno-oncology have brought transformative changes in the management of cancer patients. The immune profile of tumours has been found to have key value in predicting disease prognosis and treatment response in various cancers. Multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence have emerged as potent tools for the simultaneous detection of multiple protein biomarkers in a single tissue section, thereby expanding opportunities for molecular and immune profiling while preserving tissue samples. By establishing the phenotype of individual tumour cells when distributed within a mixed cell population, the identification of clinically relevant biomarkers with high-throughput multiplex immunophenotyping of tumour samples has great potential to guide appropriate treatment choices. Moreover, the emergence of novel multi-marker imaging approaches can now provide unprecedented insights into the tumour microenvironment, including the potential interplay between various cell types. However, there are significant challenges to widespread integration of these technologies in daily research and clinical practice. This review addresses the challenges and potential solutions within a structured framework of action from a regulatory and clinical trial perspective. New developments within the field of immunophenotyping using multiplexed tissue imaging platforms and associated digital pathology are also described, with a specific focus on translational implications across different subtypes of cancer.

New technologies applied to canine limb prostheses: A review

“…As detrimental consequences on long-term musculoskeletal health and other quality of life problems can be caused by significant gait discrepancies [69], it is important to know the performance of canine limb prosthesis. To the best of our knowledge, up to now, outcomes of socket prosthesis placement in canines have been reported by only three retrospective studies [16,78,79] (Figure -4). One owner survey based investigation indicated that 83.3% of owners (10/12) communicated a good to excellent quality of life following prosthesis placement [79].…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, up to now, outcomes of socket prosthesis placement in canines have been reported by only three retrospective studies [16,78,79] (Figure -4). One owner survey based investigation indicated that 83.3% of owners (10/12) communicated a good to excellent quality of life following prosthesis placement [79]. Another investigation indicated that 87.5% of patients (21/24) had the same to improved quality of life as they did prior to receipt of a prosthesis [16].…”

“…A third work reported that 89.3% of owners (42/47) said to have accepted to full function following prosthesis placement [78]. Although owner survey-based instruments can be used to evaluate owner perceptions of a canine quality of life and owner expectations regarding canine mobility, The change in the ability to jump up and down compared to before fitting of the stump socket prosthesis (n=12) [79]. (b) Daily acts of living for patients after prosthetic placement, obtained from client answered surveys.…”

“…Figure-4: (a)The change in the ability to jump up and down compared to before fitting of the stump socket prosthesis (n=12)[79]. (b) Daily acts of living for patients after prosthetic placement, obtained from client answered surveys.…”

Questioning the status quo

“…Of course, imaging is also critical in clinical practice for the development and planning of minimally invasive surgery, as well as in reshaping our classification of certain fractures, such as those of the proximal tibia (3)(4)(5). Furthermore there are studies that ask questions about the stabilization of tibial osteotomy, correction of medial patellar luxation, and rehabilitation of dogs following limb amputation (6)(7)(8). These investigations illustrate the importance of asking the right research questions for the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes.…”