Clinical, Physiologic, and Behavioral Evaluation of Permanently Catheterized NMRI Mice

Falkenberg, Malene Kari; Teilmann, Anne Charlotte; Henriksen, Trine; Hau, Jann; Poulsen, Henrik Enghusen; Abelson, Klas S P

doi:10.30802/aalas-jaalas-18-000060

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Concerning the methodological aspects, we identified a high variance in the type of parameters assessed ranging from time-to-integrate to nest ( 28 , 58 , 101 , 104 , 108 ), nest consolidation ( 98 , 106 ), nest complexity ( 27 , 58 , 61 , 96 , 97 , 100 , 101 , 105 , 107 , 109 , 110 ), % integrated material ( 100 , 104 , 111 ), and % time spent nest building ( 102 , 103 ). While it is of interest that efforts have been made to develop and explore different readout parameters, this of course limits the total level of evidence for the different parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats—A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Several studies suggested an informative value of behavioral and grimace scale parameters for the detection of pain. However, the robustness and reliability of the parameters as well as the current extent of implementation are still largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to systematically analyze the current evidence-base of grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats. The following platforms were searched for relevant articles: PubMed, Embase via Ovid, and Web of Science. Only full peer-reviewed studies that describe the grimace scale, burrowing, and/or nest building as pain parameters in the post-surgical phase in mice and/or rats were included. Information about the study design, animal characteristics, intervention characteristics, and outcome measures was extracted from identified publications. In total, 74 papers were included in this review. The majority of studies have been conducted in young adult C57BL/6J mice and Sprague Dawley and Wistar rats. While there is an apparent lack of information about young animals, some studies that analyzed the grimace scale in aged rats were identified. The majority of studies focused on laparotomy-associated pain. Only limited information is available about other types of surgical interventions. While an impact of surgery and an influence of analgesia were rather consistently reported in studies focusing on grimace scales, the number of studies that assessed respective effects was rather low for nest building and burrowing. Moreover, controversial findings were evident for the impact of analgesics on post-surgical nest building activity. Regarding analgesia, a monotherapeutic approach was identified in the vast majority of studies with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drugs and opioids being most commonly used. In conclusion, most evidence exists for grimace scales, which were more frequently used to assess post-surgical pain in rodents than the other behavioral parameters. However, our findings also point to relevant knowledge gaps concerning the post-surgical application in different strains, age levels, and following different surgical procedures. Future efforts are also necessary to directly compare the sensitivity and robustness of different readout parameters applied for the assessment of nest building and burrowing activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats—A systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…6,7,29 Furthermore, permanent carotid catheterization in mice has not resulted in changes in behavioral parameters, physiological parameters, and no detectable implication on animal welfare. 15 Using carotid catheters to assess PK parameters and therapeutic drug efficacy is a refinement that decreases the number of animals used and decreases any variations in drug response due to animal-to-animal differences. 29 Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the PK parameters and therapeutic efficacy of SRB and XRB in mice after permanent carotid artery and jugular vein catheterization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Sustained-release Buprenorphine and Extended-release Buprenorphine in Mice with Surgical Catheterization

Saenz

Bloom-Saldana

Synold

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals strongly encourages the use of pharmaceutical grade chemicals and analgesics. The extra-label use of sustained-release buprenorphine (SRB) is commonly administered to rodents to mitigate moderate-to-severe pain. An FDA-indexed buprenorphine formulation, known as extended-release buprenorphine (XRB), has recently become available and is currently the only pharmaceutical grade slow-release buprenorphine approved for use in mice and rats. However, no studies have directly compared the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and therapeutic efficacy of SRB and XRB in surgically catheterized mice. Thus, we compared the plasma buprenorphine concentrations and PK parameters of SRB and XRB in mice after surgical catheterization. We hypothesized that mice treated with SRB or XRB would have circulating buprenorphine concentrations exceeding the therapeutic threshold for up to 72 h post-operatively. Male and female C57Bl/6J mice were anesthetized, treated with either SRB (1 mg/kg, SC, once) or XRB (3.25 mg/kg, SC, once) and underwent surgical catheterization. At 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after SRB or XRB administration, arterial blood samples were collected. Post-operative weight loss was similar between groups with a decline of 11.7 ± 1.6 and 12.3 ± 0.7% in males and 7.6 ± 2.2 and 8.1 ± 1.1% (mean ± SEM) in females treated with SRB and XRB, respectively. Both SRB and XRB maintained circulating buprenorphine concentrations above the therapeutic level of 1.0 ng/mL for 72 h after administration. XRB buprenorphine concentrations were significantly greater (3-4-fold) than SRB concentrations at 6, 24, and 48 h, commensurate with the increase dose concentration of XRB to SRB. These results support the use of either SRB or XRB for the alleviation of post-operative pain in mice. The new availability of FDA-indexed XRB increases the options for safe and effective pharmaceutical grade analgesia in rodents.

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The impact of handling technique and handling frequency on laboratory mouse welfare is sex-specific

Sensini

Inta

Palme

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Handling is a well-known source of stress to laboratory animals and can affect variability of results and even compromise animal welfare. The conventional tail handling in mice has been shown to induce aversion and anxiety-like behaviour. Recent findings demonstrate that the use of alternative handling techniques, e.g. tunnel handling, can mitigate negative handling-induced effects. Here, we show that technique and frequency of handling influence affective behaviour and stress hormone release of subjects in a sex-dependent manner. While frequent tail handling led to a reduction of wellbeing-associated burrowing and increased despair-like behaviour in male mice, females seemed unaffected. Instead, they displayed a stress response to a low handling frequency, which was not detectable in males. This could suggest that in terms of refinement, the impact in handling could differ between the sexes. Independently from this observation, both sexes preferred to interact with the tunnel. Mice generally explored the tunnel more often than the tail-handling hands of the experimenter and showed more positively rated approaches, e.g. touching or climbing, and at the same time, less defensive burrowing, indicating a strong preference for the tunnel.

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Clinical, Physiologic, and Behavioral Evaluation of Permanently Catheterized NMRI Mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats—A systematic review

Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats—A systematic review

Pharmacokinetics of Sustained-release Buprenorphine and Extended-release Buprenorphine in Mice with Surgical Catheterization

The impact of handling technique and handling frequency on laboratory mouse welfare is sex-specific

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