2015
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.03.001
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Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Medical Management of Nonhospitalized Ulcerative Colitis: The Toronto Consensus

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Cited by 362 publications
(291 citation statements)
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References 164 publications
(320 reference statements)
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“…UC cases without treatment or with inadequate treatment may evolve with some complications like need of colectomy or colon tumors [26,27]. The follow-up of these patients should be regular and the medication maintained in the long term [28].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…UC cases without treatment or with inadequate treatment may evolve with some complications like need of colectomy or colon tumors [26,27]. The follow-up of these patients should be regular and the medication maintained in the long term [28].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The choice of testing a specific probiotic blend (acronelle ® , Bromatech srl, milan, italy) was suggested by the distinguishing features of the bacterial strains contained in the considered probiotic blend: lactobacillus salivarius has a high anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity, especially against some of those pathogenic bacterial strains, usually present on the intestinal mucosa of iBd patients 27 ; Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN 4 supports lactobacilli against inflammation, thanks to the chiro-inositol present in its cell membrane, which seems to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines 28 . although guidelines 29 suggest to treat moderate-to-severe Uc with corticosteroids, the contemporary use of mesavancol® and acronelle® allowed to reach an encouraging result, avoiding all those therapy side effects which usually decrease patient compliance. For the first time, the long-term efficacy (2 years) of such a probiotic blend has been proven, also demonstrating the synergistic effect on disease activity, especially when coupled with anti-inflammatory treatment.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The clinical practice guidelines from the Toronto UC consensus group also indicated that in patients with an inadequate response to initial anti-TNF therapy, it is important to consider dose intensification before deciding on alternative treatments [36] because patients with higher serum anti-TNF concentrations have a higher probability of induction and maintenance of complete clinical and endoscopic remission [37,38]. Although it seems that anti-TNFa treatments have a better clinical outcome than calcineurin inhibitors, it should be emphasized that secondary loss of responsiveness to anti-TNFa treatments is often observed.…”
Section: Anti-tnfa Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%