Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Wrist Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), or Masson's tumor, is a benign vascular mass that is often misdiagnosed due to its nonspecific clinical signs. The majority of IPEH cases involve blood vessel thrombosis. Although it is a rare tumor, IPEH requires an accurate diagnosis to avoid unnecessary treatment. Overall, the tumor generally has a good prognosis. In this case report, a 16-year-old male with a known four-year history of right wrist swelling and digit numbness presented to the outpatient clinic due to worsening pain and swelling for the previous month. Based on the physical examination and radiological examination, our preliminary diagnosis was either schwannoma or neurofibroma, for which a total surgical excision was done. Postoperatively, the tumor was examined histologically and revealed a benign vascular lesion with no atypical features, which were consistent with IPEH. To prevent unnecessary invasive operations and radiation, surgeons must be aware of this rare tumor. The following case report emphasizes the importance of differentiation between Masson`s hemangioma and other similar tumors to prevent unnecessary invasive operations and radiation.