Clinical Profile and Outcome of Childhood Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Single Center Study

Thatikonda, Kasi Bharathi; Kalra, Manas; Danewa, Arun; Sachdeva, Pallavi; Paul, Tanusree; Sachdeva, Divij; Anupam, Sachdeva

doi:10.1007/s13312-021-2282-7

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is important to understand the clinical presentation, severity, and etiology of AIHA for optimal management. The age distribution of children with AIHA varies significantly in various studies and can be attributed to variation in demographic characteristics [3,4]. We observed that the median age of survivors was 4.5 years and 12 years in non-survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Emergency presentation and immediate outcome of children with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Muthukrishnan¹,

Raman²,

Rabia³

2022

Indian J Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: This study aims to analyze the clinical spectrum, severity of anemia, challenges in arranging cross matched blood in the emergency department (ED), and treatment outcomes of children with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted in the tertiary care pediatric ED between October 2019 and September 2021. All direct antiglobulin test (DAT)-positive children were included in the study and those DAT negative were excluded from the study. The details regarding clinical condition, laboratory parameters, history of previous transfusion, difficulties related to cross-matching, requirement of steroid, and intensive care management were documented. Results: A total of 29 children were diagnosed to have AIHA. The most common clinical feature at diagnosis was fever (72.4%) followed by pallor (51.7%). Cross-matching was difficult for 9 children (31%) due various incompatibilities. Ten children required intensive care. Secondary causes were identified in 25 cases. Mortality was 10%. Conclusion: Identifying secondary causes of pediatric AIHA are essential and larger data from multiple centers will contribute toward creating the best clinical approach and emergency management of children with AIHA.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Emergency presentation and immediate outcome of children with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Muthukrishnan¹,

Raman²,

Rabia³

2022

Indian J Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Forty cohort studies (36 retrospective, 3 prospective, and 1 ambispective) and three case–control studies (two retrospective and one prospective) were included 5–7,14–53 . No randomized controlled trials were identified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia: A scoping review

Zhang,

Charland,

O'Hearn

et al. 2024

European J of Haematology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and objectiveAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare but important cause of morbidity in pediatric hematology patients. Given its rarity, there is little high‐quality evidence on which to base the investigation and management of pediatric AIHA. This scoping review aims to summarize the current evidence and highlight key gaps to inform future studies.MethodsThis review searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane CENTRAL Trials Register from 2000 to November 03, 2023. Experimental and observational studies reporting AIHA diagnostic criteria, laboratory workup, or treatment/management in populations with at least 20% of patients ≤18 years were included.ResultsForty‐three studies were included, with no randomized controlled trials identified. AIHA diagnostic criteria, diagnostic tests, and treatments were highly variable. First‐line treatment approaches include corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, or both. Approaches to AIHA resistance to first‐line therapy were widely variable between studies, but most commonly included rituximab and/or cyclosporine.ConclusionsWe identify a heterogenous group of observational studies into this complex, immune‐mediated disorder. Standardized definitions and classifications are needed to guide collaborative efforts needed to study this rare disease. The work done by the CEREVANCE group provides an important paradigm for future studies.

show abstract

“…Yamamoto et al [16] reported the case of a 31-day-old infant with WAIHA exacerbated by CMV infection, whose mother had systemic lupus erythematosus and hemolytic anemia, that was treated with blood transfusions and antiviral therapy. In children, AIHA secondary to CMV infection is mostly represented by the warm or mixed subtype, as reported in the above-mentioned case reports [1,2,15]; however, in large cohorts of children with AIHA [4,5,14], there is no explanation of which subtype patients with CMV-associated AIHA belong to. In patients with AIHA, the first-line treatment consists of steroids: for severe cases with rapidly evolving hemolysis, pulse high-dose methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg/day for 3 days) is recommended [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study of Naithani et al [13], conducted on 26 children with WAIHA, only one patient (3.8%) had CMV as the causative agent. Thatikonda et al [14] described 50 pediatric patients with AIHA, of whom 35% had CAIHA, and only one (2%) had hemolytic anemia secondary to CMV infection. In another study by Abdel-Salam et al [4] on 50 patients, 9 (18%) had a recent CMV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Secondary to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection in a 2-Month-Old Infant: A Case Report

Romano,

Pepe,

Fotzi

et al. 2023

Children

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare hematologic disorder in the pediatric population and most cases are associated with microbiological infection. The pathological process is not completely clear, but some evidence suggests immunological dysregulation triggered by bacterial or viral infections. Based on the thermal range of the pathogenic antibody, AIHA can be divided into warm (WAIHA) and cold (CAIHA) groups. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common viruses reported as a trigger of AIHA. We present an unusual case of AIHA in a 2-month-old infant positive for both the direct antiglobulin test (C3 complement fraction) and CMV–Polymerase chain reaction in blood samples. In this case, the dating of the infection was uncertain, making it impossible to discriminate between congenital flare-up or a primary acute episode, emphasizing the importance of CMV prenatal testing as a screening measure. We adopted multiple therapeutic strategies including steroids (methylprednisolone and prednisone), Intravenous Immunoglobulin, antivirals (ganciclovir and valganciclovir), and red blood cell transfusion.

show abstract

Clinical Profile and Outcome of Childhood Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Single Center Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Emergency presentation and immediate outcome of children with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Emergency presentation and immediate outcome of children with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia: A scoping review

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Secondary to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection in a 2-Month-Old Infant: A Case Report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About