Clinical Profile and Outcome of Critically Ill Post COVID-19 Patients in The Non COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Survival rates of severe COVID-19 has increased. Despite that COVID-19 appears to leave sequelae, hence the need of critical care and mortality after prolonged treatment. There were not many studies which investigated critically ill post COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to analyze clinical profiles and their relationship to outcomes of critically ill post-COVID-19 patients in a regular (non COVID-19) ICU at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia. Materials and methods: This single-centre, retrospective study was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia between March 1st and October 31st, 2021 with total sampling method. Subjects were post COVID-19 patients from the COVID-19 ICU and ward who have been declared RT-PCR negative twice but require further intensive care in the regular ICU. Bivariate analysis was performed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and independent t-test. Multivariate analysis was carried out by logistic regression. The results were considered significant when p<0.05. Results:The study included 76 critically ill patients who had completed their COVID-19 treatment in the COVID-19 ward or COVID-19 ICU and required further intensive care. Bivariate analysis shwed obesity (p 0.047), CNS disease (p 0.038), complications in the form of sepsis (p 0.002), secondary infection (p 0.001), and the presence of MDRO (p 0.017) were significantly associated with mortality. Multivariate analysis showed risk factors of mortality were complications that were AKI, cardiac complications, secondary infection, sepsis and non COVID-19 ICU LOS. Conclusion: Complications AKI, cardiac complications, sepsis, and secondary infection were risk factors for mortality in critically ill post COVID-19 patients in the ICU.