Clinical Profile and Prognosis of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis

Abstract

Introduction Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an acute cerebrovascular disease diagnosed nowadays more frequently. Magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) is the modality of choice for accurate diagnosis. Young females in their childbearing age are prone to develop CVST. Clinical presentation is mainly with headache, focal neurologic deficits, and seizures. Around one third of the patients have altered sensorium at presentation. Prognosis of CVST is good if diagnosed and treated early. Long-term deficits may remain in one quarter of patients. The aim of our study was to do clinical profiling and prognosis of CVST patients. Materials and methods This is a descriptive study conducted at the department of Neurology, Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Study duration was one year. Patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Patients confirmed to have CVST on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/MRV were included in final analysis. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Board. Results Thirty three out of 54 patients were included in the final analysis. Out of them, 29 (87.8%) were females and four (12.1%) were males. The mean age at the time of presentation was 31.36 ± 9.61. Of the 29 females, only three were pregnant and 26 were in the postpartum period at the time of presentation. Twelve (41.4%) females were primigravida. Focal deficits were present in 30 (90.9%) patients; headache was present in 26 (78.8%) patients; seizures were present in 24 (72.7%) patients on presentation; and anemia was present in 20 (60.6%) patients. Conclusion CVST is an important cause of intracranial hypertension, seizures, and stroke in young people. Clinical presentation is extremely variable, and a high index of suspicion is needed. Magnetic resonance imaging brain with MRV is the current diagnostic modality of choice. Medical management with anticoagulants and supportive measures has excellent clinical outcomes.

A Rare Case of Unprovoked Deep Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis With Associated Petechial Hemorrhage

“…The most frequently reported symptom of CVST is headaches occurring in almost 90% of patients [ 2 ]. Notably, up to 30% of patients have normal head CTs [ 3 ]. Diagnosis relies on abnormal brain MRI findings in venous sinuses confirmed by a lack of flow on the MRV.…”

“…Notably, up to 30% of patients have a normal head CT [ 3 ]. Diagnosis thus relies on abnormal brain MRI findings in venous sinuses confirmed by a lack of flow on magnetic resonance venography (MRV).…”

The Role of Magnetic Resonance Venography in Headache Due to Suspected Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in the Presence of Normal T1 and T2 Dural Sinus Signal

“…MRI and magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) has proved to be very sensitive and specific and is now the modality of choice for confirmation of the diagnosis of CVST. 11 The combination of an abnormal signal in the sinus with corresponding absence of ow on MRV support the diagnosis of CVST. 6 MRI and MRV techniques have proved to be eective method and it has become the modality of choice for the evaluation of CVST.…”

Efficacy of Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for Hemiparesis following Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Rare Case Report

“…(2) Permanent risk factor which involves prothrombotic medical conditions, myeloproliferative disorders, etc. [5]. The complications are impaired speech, increased fluid pressure inside the skull, pressure on nerve, developmental delay.…”