Clinical profile of acute paraphenylenediamine intoxication in Egypt

Shalaby, Sawsan A; El-Masry, Mohy; Abd-Elrahman, Amany E; Abd-Elkarim, Manal A; Abd-Elhaleem, Zeinab A

doi:10.1177/0748233709360200

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…9,10 In a retrospective study over a period of 7 years (2001-2008) conducted in Egypt, 25 cases of PPD poisoning were identified. 11,12 In the present study which is a two-year prospective study, 79 cases of PPD poisoning were analysed. In this study, maximum incidence was observed in 2 nd and 3 rd decades which are correlating with the study of PK Jain et al In this study, there was female preponderance 76% which is correlating with the studies done by Ayoub Filali et al 8 M.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervasmol Poisoning: An Emerging Ent Emergency

Sreenivasulu¹,

Sowmya²,

Prasad³

2016

jemds

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Poisoning is one of the commonest modes of suicide in India. Supervasmol poisoning is one of the commonest modes of suicidal attempt in our region. The common cause for consumption of hair dye is by suicidal intent or accidental oral ingestion. There is no specific antidote for Supervasmol poisoning. Management is only symptomatic and supportive with emergency tracheostomy in majority of cases. Hence, we conducted this study to emphasize the role of ENT surgeon in Supervasmol poisoning. STUDY DESIGNProspective study. MATERIALS AND METHODSWe present a total of 79 cases of Supervasmol poisoning who attended the Emergency Department of Narayana Medical College and General Hospital, Nellore. RESULTSAll patients were between age group 15-35 yrs. Females are more than males. More patients were in second decade; 55 cases presented in acute phase, 51 patients underwent tracheostomy and four patients were brought dead. CONCLUSIONEmergency tracheostomy is a life saving measure in severe stridor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervasmol Poisoning: An Emerging Ent Emergency

Sreenivasulu¹,

Sowmya²,

Prasad³

2016

jemds

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“…PPD is also used in the photographic or rubber industries. In addition, in many African countries, PPD in its pure form or in combination with other natural coloring extracts like Henna, is used for coloring of palms and soles for cosmetic reasons [42] [43]. Unfortunately, there are also vast numbers of unintended and intended incidents of severe to life threatening intoxication involving this synthetic compound [43] [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in many African countries, PPD in its pure form or in combination with other natural coloring extracts like Henna, is used for coloring of palms and soles for cosmetic reasons [42] [43]. Unfortunately, there are also vast numbers of unintended and intended incidents of severe to life threatening intoxication involving this synthetic compound [43] [44]. PPD intoxication leads to a severe clinical syndrome including laryngeal edema, rhabdomyolysis and subsequent renal failure, neurotoxicity and acute toxic hepatitis which per se can lead to dark colored urine [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Kidney Injury with Rhabdomyolysis: 25 Years Experience from a Tertiary Care Center

Naqvi¹,

Akhtar²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2015

OJNeph

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Objective: To describe patients presenting with acute kidney injury after rhabdomyolysis at a tertiary renal care center in Pakistan. Patients and Methods: An observational cohort of patients identified as having acute kidney injury (AKI) with rhabdomyolysis, which was diagnosed by rise in creatinine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) more than 4 times the reference range whereas AKI was defined according to RIFLE criteria. On ultrasonography, all patients had normal size non obstructed kidneys, and no other co morbid. Results: Between January1990 to December 2014, 334 patients with rhabdomyolysis and AKI registered to this hospital. Mean age was 28.22 ± 11.22 years with M:F ratio of 3.33:1. Mean values of CK and LDH were 597,749.790 ± 180,461.360 and 4077.026 ± 5050.704 U/L with reference range of 26 -174 U/L and 91 -180 U/L respectively. We divided the study population into 4 groups over timeline. Rhabdomyolysis etiology was divided in 3 groups; 1) traumatic, 2) non-traumatic exertional, and 3) non-traumatic non-exertional. In the last group, which spans from 2010-2014, we treated many cases with toxic rhabdomyolysis and main toxin was paraphenylenediamine (PPD). The other causes showed more or less same prevalence over two and a half decade, except non-traymatic exertional which has decreased during last 5 years without any explainable cause. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required on arrival in 94% cases. Complete renal recovery was observed in 70%, while 15.86% died and 10% were lost during recovery phase. A small number 2.69% left against medical advice during acute phase of illness and 0.8% developed chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conclusion: The common clinical conditions found associated with rhabdomyolysis and AKI includes trauma, immobilization, sepsis, overexertion, and drugs and toxins. In recent years, we have seen many young patients with PPD poisoning; we have found good renal recovery in patients who survived initial 2 -3 weeks.

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“…Phase 2 occurs after days or weeks and symptoms include dark cola colored urine, oliguria or anuria due to renal failure, myalgia rhabdomyolysis, Intravascular hemolysis. [3] The management of patient requires multidisciplinary approach and the most important immediate necessity is securing the airway. [4] Tracheostomy is commonly used in most of the institutions to secure the airway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracheostomy in Hair Dye Poisoning - Indications and Clinical Outcome

D¹,

M²,

Aishwarya³

et al. 2017

AIMDR

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Background: Hair dye ingestion is an attractive means of deliberate self harm because of its low cost and unrestricted availability and is common in rural south India. Patients present with compromised airway due to upper respiratory tract edema, facial and neck edema. Aim: To determine the criteria for managing airway by tracheostomy in patients with hair dye poisoning. Methods: This study was conducted in Tirunelveli medical college and patients with alleged history of consuming hair dye were included in study. Patients who mixed other poisons with hair dye were excluded from study. ENT examination to identify edema of oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and neck and facial edema was routinely performed. If the patient had edema with fall in SpO2 and breathing difficulty, tracheostomy was done. Results: The mean duration between consumption of hair dye to development of symptoms was 3.0 ±1.5 hours and the same to tracheostomy was 5± 2.2 hrs. Tracheostomy increased the need for hospitalization 16.4 ± 9.4 days. Patients had swallowing problems due to pharyngeal edema and tracheostomy further delayed the initiation of oral feeds 8.3±5.3 days. Conclusion: The amount of hair dye consumed and time of presentation to the hospital are an important risk factor for developing oropharyngeal edema, which in turn determines the risk of mortality.

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Clinical profile of acute paraphenylenediamine intoxication in Egypt

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

Supervasmol Poisoning: An Emerging Ent Emergency

Supervasmol Poisoning: An Emerging Ent Emergency

Acute Kidney Injury with Rhabdomyolysis: 25 Years Experience from a Tertiary Care Center

Tracheostomy in Hair Dye Poisoning - Indications and Clinical Outcome

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