Clinical psychological assessment of older adults.

Gallagher, Dolores; Thompson, Larry W.; Levy, Sandra M.

doi:10.1037/10050-002

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Given the problems associated with the use of self-report depression assessing instruments in the elderly (e.g., administration and scoring time) (Gallagher et al 1980), a number of researchers have called for the development and validation of shortened versions of the depression scales for the elderly (McNair 1979;Montorio and Izal 1996). According to the results of this study, the 8-item CES-D is not only a valid instrument, it also has several advantages over longer 20-item version.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Eight-Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Among Older Adults

Weisz²,

et al. 2014

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The aim of the present study was to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the 8-item short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) in a large sample of European older adults. Data from The European Social Survey (ESS Round 6 Edition 1.1) provided the basis for this study (5,774 Males and 7,258 Females). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses provided support for a single factor structure. The results from multi-group confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the factor structure of the CES-D 8 is invariant across sexes, including invariance of item intercepts, item residuals, and item factor loadings. Moreover, the results provided support for the nomological validity of the scale. These results suggest that the shorter 8-item CES-D scale is a valid and reliable instrument of depression and extends the list of available instruments for screening depression among older adults.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Eight-Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Among Older Adults

Weisz²,

et al. 2014

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“…alized elderly, perhaps judged against a criterion of staff ratings of aggressiveness and/ or self-care skills. In addition, research within a longitudinal framework, perhaps employing more elaborate psychometric/ neurophysiologtcal criteria of cognitive status (see Gallagher et al, 1980;Gurland, 1980;Kramer & Jarvik, 1979;Sloane, 1980;Squires, Chippendale, Wrege, Goodin & Starr, 1980) with institutionalized elderly samples, seems promising in linking the personality-cognitive domains together within a developmental context (see also Fozard & Popkin, 1978).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Construct Validation of the Hand Test With the Aged: Replication and Extension

Hayslip¹,

Panek²

1982

Journal of Personality Assessment

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The Hand Test (HT) was administered to 52 institutionalized elderly adults in an effort to cross-validate previous research dealing with the construct validity of the Hand Test in assessing organic dysfunction as assessed by Mental Status Questionnaire (MSQ) scores. Results suggested that, consistent with previous research, HT scores of Withdrawal and Pathology seem to be valid indicators of cognitive loss, independent of age and length of institutionalization, among elderly persons who reside in long term care facilities. Implications of these data for the care of impaired elderly persons by family and staff are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.

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“…The HSCL is an ecologically valid tool for measuring depression in older adults because it focuses on psycho-emotional (i.e., behavioral and cognitive) rather than psychophysiological symptomatology (Gallagher, Thompson, & Levy, 1980). This is an important consideration because many other measures confound somatic symptoms of depression with age-related physical changes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of downward social comparison processes on depressive symptoms in older men and women

Kohn

Smith²

2003

Ageing Int.

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Most older people maintain good mental health despite numerous age-related changes to their physical health and functional abilities. Although it is widely believed that making downward social comparisons is a strategy used by older adults to protect their psychological well-being against narcissistic threats, there has been scant research on this topic. Moreover, the rare studies conducted so far have insufficiently examined how downward comparisons mediate the relationship between adverse age-related changes and psychological well-being. In this study, we tested a model in which making downward social comparisons (i.e., to similar others who are worse off) was hypothesized to mediate the relationship between a self-perceived decline in physical functioning and depressive symptoms. Data were obtained by self-administered questionnaires from 355 communitydwelling males (n = 163) and females (n = 192) ranging in age from sixty to ninety-five years. The model was tested with EQS 5.7, and the observed data fit the proposed model well for both males (Chi Square: 1.65 (p >.05); CFI: .99; GFI: .99) and females (Chi Square: 11.48 (p <. 05); CFI: .95; GFI: .97). Mediation held across gender, but males were more likely to use downward comparisons. Model fit improved for both genders when an unhypothesized path from depressive symptoms to comparison consequences was added, which is sensible because depressed individuals often tend to evaluate self-related information in a negative manner. The findings are discussed regarding their relevance to future theory, research, and practice.Most older adults maintain good mental health despite the many threats to their psychological well-being, which are linked, to age-related declines in physical health and functioning (Baltes, 1993). It is widely believed that making selective social comparisons is one way that elderly persons are able to fend off these potential narcissistic assaults (

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Clinical psychological assessment of older adults.

Cited by 39 publications

References 134 publications

Validation of the Eight-Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Among Older Adults

Validation of the Eight-Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Among Older Adults

Construct Validation of the Hand Test With the Aged: Replication and Extension

The impact of downward social comparison processes on depressive symptoms in older men and women

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