Clinical, Radiological, and Lung Function Characteristics of Post-tuberculosis Bronchiectasis: An Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in India

Abstract

IntroductionAmong chronic respiratory diseases, bronchiectasis is one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the clinical, radiological, microbiological, and pulmonary function profiles of adult patients with post-tubercular bronchiectasis. MethodsWe enrolled 138 patients with bronchiectasis confirmed by high-resolution CT scans from July 2017 to August 2018. ResultsA total of 138 patients with bronchiectasis were enrolled. The data from 132 patients were analyzed; six patients were excluded from the study. The mean age of post-TB bronchiectasis (post-tuberculosis bronchiectasis) patients was 36.08±13.08, which was lower than the non-tuberculosis bronchiectasis group. The proportion of the male population was more in the post-TB bronchiectasis group (54.55% vs. 37.88%, p=0.48). Smoking prevalence was high in post-TB bronchiectasis (27.27% vs. 12.12%, p=0.04). The predominant symptom was cough in the post-tubercular bronchiectasis group (48.5% vs. 41.7%, p=0.019). The history of the recurrent common cold was seen most frequently in non-post-tubercular bronchiectasis (40.9% vs. 12.9%, p=0.001). The most common radiological variant of bronchiectasis found in all patients was a cystic type (75%). The most common site of involvement was the left lower lobe, followed by the lingula in all patients and post-tuberculosis bronchiectasis patients. Pulmonary function on spirometry revealed obstructive, restrictive, and mixed patterns in 55%, 25%, and 15%, respectively. Patients with posttuberculosis bronchiectasis had lower lung function post-FEV1/FVC (forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity) ratio (70.31±15.56 vs. 76.85±11.82, p=0.015). Binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only recurrent cough cold was a significant independent risk factor for post-TB bronchiectasis. ConclusionPost-tuberculosis, and bronchiectasis followed by post-infectious causes, were the most common causes of bronchiectasis and poor lung function.

Post Tuberculosis (TB) Bronchiectasis versus Non-TB Bronchiectasis in Northern Pakistan: A single centre retrospective cohort study on frequency, demographics, microbiology, and complications

“…Indian study reported 50% (7,8). This is higher than other areas of the world, even in Asia (Saudi Arabia 43%, Korea 20%) (5,6).…”

“…Firstly, the frequency of Post TB Bronchiectasis (76% of all Bronchiectasis cases) is very high compared with other studies, even for South Asia. Notably a previous study from Southern Pakistan reported 58% and an Indian study reported 50%(7,8). This is higher than other areas of the world, even in Asia (Saudi Arabia 43%, Korea 20%)(5,6).…”

“…While a national TB control programme has long existed, there are delays in diagnosis and treatment resulting in a relatively static high incidence of TB (14)(15)(16)(17) and increased complications of TB such as bronchiectasis (18). TB is known to be the most common cause of Bronchiectasis in South Asia (7,19) and patients with Post TB Bronchiectasis are known to have more severe disease compared with Non-TB Bronchiectasis (5,(20)(21)(22)(23). However, there has been little research into its prevalence, microbiology, or complications in Pakistan (8,18).…”

A novel Inflammation-Nutrition risk score (INRS) and its related nomogram model to predict radiological bronchiectasis in patients after tuberculosis infection in Wuhan, China

“…[36] A survey of post-TB bronchiectasis from India found that smoking prevalence was higher in post-TB bronchiectasis than in post-TB without bronchiectasis (27.27% vs. 12.12%). [37] Additionally, smokers could increase the risk of RBE in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. [38] Previous literature may explain the phenomenon that smoking increases the incidence rate of RBE, by which nicotine can increase the release of TNF-a, a key in ammatory cytokine.…”

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) Lampung terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Katalase Hippocampus Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Sprague dawley yang Diinduksi Monosodium Glutamat

“…Sebuah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian bronkiektasis pasca infeksi tuberkulosis pada kelompok usia 31-40 tahun sebesar 21,74%, pada kelompok usia 41-50 tahun sebesar 23,19%, pada kelompok usia 51-60 sebesar 21,01%, dan pada kelompok usia >60 tahun sebesar 4,35%. 7 Studi kohort menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata usia pasien dengan penyakit obstruksi pasca tuberkulosis yaitu 51,8 tahun. 4 Penelitian lain menunjukkan temuan yang serupa yaitu usia rata-rata pasien dengan penyakit obstruksi pasca tuberkulosis adalah <65 tahun.…”