Clinical, radiological and therapeutic characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

Shabrawishi, Mohammed; Algethamy, Manal; Naser, Abdallah Y; Ghazawi, Maher A; Alsharif, Ghaidaa F; Obaid, Elaf F; Melebari, Haitham A; Alamri, Dhaffer M; Brinji, Ahmad S; Jehani, Fawaz H Al; Almaimani, Wail; Ekram, Rakan; Alkhatib, K; Alwafi, Hassan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237130

Cited by 67 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Severe disease. Ten studies reported severe disease as an outcome in COVID-19 patients (19,(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62). The definition of severe disease, however, varied among studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tipih

Aminake

et al. 2021

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258

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread across the globe at unprecedented speed and is showing no signs of slowing down. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to significant health burden in infected patients especially in those with underlying comorbidities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between comorbidities and their role in the exacerbation of disease in COVID-19 patients leading to fatal outcomes. A systematic review was conducted using data from MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases published from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020. Fifty-three articles were included in the systematic review. Of those 53 articles, 8 articles were eligible for meta-analysis. Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were identified to be the most prevalent comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. Our meta-analysis showed that cancer, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. Chronic kidney disease was statistically the most prominent comorbidity leading to death. However, despite having high prevalence, obesity was not associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. IMPORTANCE COVID-19 has plagued the world since it was first identified in December 2019. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analysis were limited by various factors such as the usage of non-peer reviewed data and were also limited by the lack of clinical data on a global scale. Comorbidities are frequently cited as risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes. However, the degree to which specific comorbidities impact the disease is debatable. Our study selection involves a global reach and covers all comorbidities that were reported to be involved in the exacerbation of COVID-19 leading to fatal outcomes, which allows us to identify the specific comorbidities that have higher risk in patients. The study highlights COVID-19 high-risk groups. However, further research should focus on the status of comorbidities and prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tipih

Aminake

et al. 2021

mBio

258

175

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“…In all, 68 studies [ 4 , 17 – 83 ] were published in English and 1 study [ 84 ] published in Chinese. Out of which 54 studies [ 4 , 18 – 24 , 29 – 31 , 34 – 39 , 45 – 53 , 55 , 56 , 59 – 84 ] were from China, 3 studies [ 17 , 32 , 54 ] were from the USA, 3 studies [ 25 , 40 , 44 ] were from Korea, 2 studies [ 26 , 27 ] were from Italy and the remaining 7 studies [ 28 , 33 , 41 – 43 , 57 , 58 ] were from Austria, Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Turkey, and UK. The sample size per study ranged from 27 to 1590 (total 17 879; 9686 males).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size per study ranged from 27 to 1590 (total 17 879; 9686 males). Considering methodological quality in items of NOS scale, 23 studies [ 4 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 24 , 27 – 29 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 46 , 49 , 55 , 58 , 61 , 65 , 67 – 69 , 73 , 75 , 76 ] were rated as high quality (>7 stars) and 46 studies [ 18 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 30 – 32 , 35 , 36 , 38 – 45 , 47 , 48 , 50 – 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 62 – 64 , 66 , 70 – 72 , 74 , 77 – 84 ] were rated as moderate quality (5−7 stars). The detailed characteristics and quality of the included studies are summarised in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all, 42 studies [ 4 , 17 , 22 , 25 , 26 , 29 , 30 , 33 – 35 , 37 – 39 , 41 , 43 – 45 , 47 – 51 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 58 – 60 , 64 , 66 – 71 , 73 , 75 , 78 – 80 , 83 , 84 ] totaling 11 213 patients reported prevalence of nervous system diseases among COVID-19 patients with the severe and non-severe disease. The meta-analysis demonstrated that nervous system diseases were associated with COVID-19 severity (OR = 3.19, 95%CI: 2.37 to 4.30, P < 0.001; I 2 = 31.0%) ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nervous system diseases are associated with the severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Previous studies showed that comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 are risk factors for adverse outcomes. This study aimed to clarify the association between nervous system diseases and severity or mortality in patients with COVID-19. We performed a systematic literature search of four electronic databases and included studies reporting the prevalence of nervous system diseases in COVID-19 patients with severe and non-severe disease or among survivors and non-survivors. The included studies were pooled into a meta-analysis to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). We included 69 studies involving 17879 patients. Nervous system diseases were associated with COVID-19 severity (OR = 3.19, 95%CI: 2.37 to 4.30, P < 0.001) and mortality (OR = 3.75, 95%CI: 2.68 to 5.25, P < 0.001). Specifically, compared with the patients without cerebrovascular disease, patients with cerebrovascular disease infected with COVID-19 had a higher risk of severity (OR = 3.10, 95%CI: 2.21 to 4.36, P < 0.001) and mortality (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.46 to 4.84, P < 0.001). Stroke was associated with severe COVID-19 disease (OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.11 to 3.42, P = 0.020). No significant differences were found for the prevalence of epilepsy (OR = 1.00, 95%CI: 0.42 to 2.35, P = 0.994) and dementia (OR = 2.39, 95%CI: 0.55 to 10.48, P = 0.247) between non-severe and severe COVID-19 patients.

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“…While such measures are intended to protect people from the infection, a key and unintended consequence of such instructions could be an increase in stress, loneliness and domestic violence among the whole population (Algunmeeyn et al, 2020;Piquero et al, 2020). A recent study conducted in Jordan on more than 4,000 participants found that the COVID-19 pandemic is negatively affecting the mental health of the Jordanian population, causing anxiety and depression in a considerable proportion of the population (Naser et al, 2020). Social relationships and connections enable individuals to regulate their emotions, cope with stress, and remain resilient during stressful situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak on social relationships: A cross-sectional study in Jordan

Naser

AL‐Hadithi

Dahmash

et al. 2020

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Social relationships refer to the existing associations between family members, friends, neighbours, co-workers, and other associates. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing has been imposed by the curfew program in Jordan. Aim: To evaluate the effects of social distancing on the social relationships of the Jordanian population. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted in Jordan between the 6th and the 30th of May, 2020. Our questionnaire was constructed to explore the population’s perception of the quarantine period, how it is affecting their relationship with others, and the characteristics of their social relationships and communication with various population categories, including family members and work colleagues. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of better social relationships and communication. Results: A total of 4,301 participants were involved in this study. The average score of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on social relationships among the whole study population was 5.68 (SD: 2.33) out of 10 (equal to 56.8%), which indicates the marginal strength of the social relationships. Around 31.6% of the participants reported that their social relationships were affected to a high degree by the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants who were aged 36–45 were positively affected in terms of their social relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is negatively affecting social relationships, which could ultimately lead to negative health implications. Decision-makers are advised to provide educational campaigns that improve the sociological health of the general population.

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Clinical, radiological and therapeutic characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 67 publications

References 28 publications

Comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nervous system diseases are associated with the severity and mortality of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The effect of the 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak on social relationships: A cross-sectional study in Jordan

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