Clinical Relevance and Characteristics of Aspergillus calidoustus and Other Aspergillus Species of Section Usti

Glampedakis, Emmanouil; Erard, Véronique; Lamoth, Frédéric

doi:10.3390/jof6020084

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Category A and B strains identified as A. flavus, A. niger, A. tubingensis, A. calidoustus, and A. fumigatus as well as R. arrhizus, T. longibrachiatum and P. variotii are well known as toxigenic and pathogenic species, representing risk group 2 organisms as defined by the European Parlament (2000) Directive 2000/54/EC. [ 1 , 2 , 12 , 13 , 32 , 33 ]. Interestingly, the A. flavus species contained two morphotypes differing in their ability to grow at pH 7.2 and 37 °C, possibly also reflecting a difference in pathogenic potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The category C strains identified as A. westerdijkiae , A. versicolor , C. globosum and C. cochliodes represented risk group 1 organisms according to Directive 2000/54/EC [ 32 ] and include species known to cause superficial infections, onychomycoses and rare invasive infections in immunocompromised patients [ 4 , 11 , 12 ]. Interestingly, strains of the risk group 1 species T. atroviride tested negative for growth in neutral pH, indicating a lack of pathogenic potential, even though human infection by T. atroviride has been described [ 13 , 14 ]. The D. finlandicus isolates reported to grow at 37 °C on potato dextrose agar (pH 5–6) [ 25 ] did not grow on TSA or blood agar (BA) at 37 °C, but exhibited weak growth at 30 °C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They represent a serious problem in buildings such as hospitals and nursing homes housing vulnerable persons [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Opportunistic pathogenic fungi represent a global emerging threat for COVID-19 patients, patients receiving immunosuppressive medication and for patients with uncontrolled diabetes [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspergillus Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates

et al. 2022

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Viable airborne pathogenic fungi represent a potential health hazard when exposing vulnerable persons in quantities exceeding their resilience. In this study, 284 indoor fungal isolates from a strain collection of indoor fungi were screened for pathogenic potential through the ability to grow in neutral pH at 37 °C and 30 °C. The isolates were collected from 20 locations including 14 problematic and 6 non-problematic ordinary buildings. Out of the screened isolates, 170 isolates were unable to grow at 37 °C, whereas 67 isolates growing at pH 7.2 at 37 °C were considered as potential opportunistic pathogens. Forty-seven isolates growing at 30 °C but not at 37 °C were considered as less likely pathogens. Out of these categories, 33 and 33 strains, respectively, were identified to the species level. The problematic buildings included known opportunistic pathogens: Aspergillus calidoustus, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Rhizopus arrhizus and Paecilomyces variotii, as well as less likely pathogens: Aspergillus versicolor, Chaetomium cochliodes, Chaetomium globosum and Chaetomium rectangulare. Opportunistic pathogens such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus tubingensis and less likely pathogens such as Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Chaetomium globosum and Dichotomopilus finlandicus were isolated both from ordinary and from problematic buildings. Aspergillus was the dominant, most diverse genus found during screening for potentially pathogenic isolates in the indoor strain collection. Studies on Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus calidodoustus revealed that tolerance to cleaning chemicals may contribute to the adaptation of Aspergillus species to indoor environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspergillus Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates

et al. 2022

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“…A. lentulus, A. udagawae) and all species of section Usti (e.g. A. calidoustus), which account for a very low proportion of IPA (<3%) [59,60].…”

Section: Triazolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary aspergillosis: diagnosis and treatment

Lamoth

Calandra

2022

Eur Respir Rev

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Aspergillusspecies are the most frequent cause of fungal infections of the lungs with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). IPA affects immunocompromised populations, which are increasing in number and diversity with the advent of novel anti-cancer therapies. Moreover, IPA has emerged as a complication of severe influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 in apparently immunocompetent hosts. CPA mainly affects patients with pre-existing lung lesions and is recognised increasingly frequently among patients with long-term survival following cure of tuberculosis or lung cancer. The diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis is complex as it relies on the presence of clinical, radiological and microbiological criteria, which differ according to the type of pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA or CPA) and the type of patient population. The management of pulmonary aspergillosis is complicated by the limited number of treatment options, drug interactions, adverse events and the emergence of antifungal resistance.

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“…The cohort of patients at risk of infections by Aspergillus fumigatus is expanding, and newly described risk factors include prolonged stay in intensive care unit, influenza [ 3 ] or sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections [ 4 , 5 ], and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. Members of the A. fumigatus complex are the primary cause of human aspergillosis, however other aspergilli have become increasingly recognized as important opportunistic pathogens, such as Aspergillus flavus [ 6 ], Aspergillus cladioustus [ 7 ] and Aspergillus nidulans [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Variants of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus Fumigatus that Co-exist in Human Respiratory Samples are Genetically Highly Related

Abdolrasouli

Rhodes

2022

Mycopathologia

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Respiratory specimens obtained from patients with chronic forms of aspergillosis contain phenotypic variants of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (ARAF) that co-exist in the airway. Here we aimed to study whether phenotypic variants of ARAF that co-exist in clinical specimens were genetically distinct. A panel of six phenotypic variants of ARAF cultured from two sputum samples collected from two patients with chronic aspergillosis were included. Preliminary identification of all isolates was obtained using MALDI–ToF mass spectrometry and confirmed by AsperGenius® real-time PCR assay. Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined using EUCAST E.Def 9.3 microbroth dilution. Genomic DNA libraries were constructed with the Illumina TruSeq Nano kit. Prepared whole-genome libraries were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2500. Whole genome data were converted into presence/absence of a SNP with respect to the Af293 reference genome. Colonies of ARAF that co-existed in one respiratory sample demonstrated marked phenotypic diversity. Two cyp51A polymorphisms were found among azole-resistant isolates: TR34/L98H/T289A/I364V/G448S was consistently present in four variants with a pan-azole resistant phenotype and TR34/L98H was detected in two variants (itraconazole MIC > 16 mg/L). WGS typing showed that despite marked phenotypic variation, each sample contained a population of highly genetically related azole-resistant A. fumigatus variants. Our SNP analysis suggest that mechanisms additional to genetic-based variation are responsible for phenotypic diversity. Our data demonstrate that the phenotypic variants of ARAF that co-exist in clinical specimens are highly clonal and strongly suggest their origination from a single common ancestor.

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Clinical Relevance and Characteristics of Aspergillus calidoustus and Other Aspergillus Species of Section Usti

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Aspergillus Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates

Aspergillus Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates

Pulmonary aspergillosis: diagnosis and treatment

Phenotypic Variants of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus Fumigatus that Co-exist in Human Respiratory Samples are Genetically Highly Related

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