Clinical relevance of low androgen to gastroesophageal reflux symptoms

Harada, Ko; Hanayama, Yoshihisa; Yasuda, Miho; Hasegawa, Kou; Obika, Mikako; Kataoka, Hitomi; Itoshima, Koichi; Okada, Ken; Otsuka, Fumio

doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0187

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Most LOH patients are over the age of 50 years and the average age when LOH develops is in the 60s [ 19 , 20 ]. The prevalence of LOH in our study was lower than that in a previous study conducted in a general population (48.7% in the present study vs. 58.0% in the general population [ 21 ]). However, the prevalence of LOH in individuals under 50 years of age was almost the same (46.7% vs. 44.6%) and the prevalence of LOH in individuals over 50 years of age was lower in the present study (55.6% vs. 67.2%).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…In addition, the FSSG score, which has been reported to be inversely correlated with serum FT level [ 21 ], was not significantly increased in the LOH group (median, 11) compared to that in the non-LOH group (median, 8) in post COVID-19 condition. It has been reported that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease can be complications of COVID-19 [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease can be complications of COVID-19 [ 22 , 23 ]. Considering that FSSG scores of non-LOH patients with long COVID were reported to be even higher than FSSG scores of non-LOH patients without COVID-19 (median of 4.79) [ 21 ], the presence of GERD-related symptoms can be a clue for a suspected underlying LOH condition in male patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Male Hypogonadism in Patients with Post COVID-19 Condition

Yamamoto

Otsuka

Sunada

et al. 2022

JCM

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The pathogenesis and prognosis of post COVID-19 condition have remained unclear. We set up an outpatient clinic specializing in long COVID in February 2021 and we have been investigating post COVID-19 condition. Based on the results of our earlier study showing that “general fatigue” mimicking myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is the most common symptom in long COVID patients, a retrospective analysis was performed for 39 male patients in whom serum free testosterone (FT) levels were measured out of 61 male patients who visited our clinic. We analyzed the medical records of the patients’ backgrounds, symptoms and laboratory results. Among the 39 patients, 19 patients (48.7%) met the criteria for late-onset hypogonadism (LOH; FT < 8.5 pg/mL: LOH group) and 14 patients were under 50 years of age. A weak negative correlation was found between age and serum FT level (r = −0.301, p = 0.0624). Symptoms including general fatigue, anxiety, cough and hair loss were more frequent in the LOH group than in the non-LOH group (FT ≥ 8.5 pg/mL). Among various laboratory parameters, blood hemoglobin level was slightly, but significantly, lower in the LOH group. Serum level of FT was positively correlated with the levels of blood hemoglobin and serum total protein and albumin in the total population, whereas these interrelationships were blurred in the LOH group. Collectively, the results indicate that the incidence of LOH is relatively high in male patients, even young male patients, with post COVID-19 and that serum FT measurement is useful for revealing occult LOH status in patients with long COVID

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Male Hypogonadism in Patients with Post COVID-19 Condition

Yamamoto

Otsuka

Sunada

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Information on the patients’ main disorders and past medical histories was obtained from hospital medical records. Information on age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), and self-rating depression scale (SDS) was also obtained [ 12 ]. Information on the following biochemical parameters was also obtained: white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets for blood cell counts; 25D, 1,25D, calcium (Ca), corrected Ca (cCa), inorganic phosphate (iP), cCa × iP, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and intact PTH for bone metabolism; total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γGTP), sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for liver and renal functions; prothorombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and d-dimer for coagulatory markers; C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate in one hour (ESR), ferritin, 50% hemolytic unit of complement (CH50) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) for inflammatory markers; and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), plasma glucose, total cholesterol, uric acid, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), ratio of TSH/FT4, and total testosterone for endocrine and metabolic markers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Dependent Characteristics of Serum 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D/25-Hydroxyvitamin D Ratio for the Assessment of Bone Metabolism

Fujita-Yamashita¹,

Yamamoto²,

Honda³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Objectives Vitamin D deficiency, which is common worldwide, increases the risks of falls and fractures and can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. However, the clinical utility and relevance of vitamin D activation remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to clarify the clinical usefulness of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D)/25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) ratio for assessment of the extent of bone metabolism. Methods We retrospectively screened data for 87 patients whose serum 1,25D and 25D levels were measured. Eight patients who were taking vitamin D preparations were excluded, and data for 79 patients (33 males and 46 females) were analyzed. Since menopausal status can be associated with serum vitamin D level, we divided the patients by gender and divided the female patients into two groups at the age of 50 years. Results The median serum 1,25D/25D ratio was significantly lower in males than in females, with the most considerable difference in all males [4.1 (interquartile range: 2.3-5.8) × 10 −3 ] versus elderly females (aged ≧50 years) [7.9 (3.3-10.1) × 10 −3 ). Main disorders were endocrine (30.6%), inflammatory (18.5%), and bone-related (16.7%) disorders. The ratios of serum 1,25D/25D had significant negative correlations with femoral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry % young adult mean (DEXA %YAM) ( R= −0.35) and lumbar DEXA %YAM ( R= −0.32). Significant correlations were found between the 1,25D/25D ratio and serum levels of inorganic phosphate (iP), parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The 1,25D/25D ratio had gender-specific characteristics: the ratio was significantly correlated with age in males ( R= −0.49), while it was significantly correlated with BMI in females ( R= 0.34). Conclusions The results of this study suggested that vitamin D activity is negatively correlated with bone mineral density, being reduced in aged males but enhanced in obese females.

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“…During the physiological process of aging, four hormone systems demonstrate declines in circulating hormone concentrations, namely, dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate in "adrenopause", estrogen in "menopause", testosterone in "andropause", and the GH/IGF-1 axis in "somatopause" [2][3][4]. Among them, serum IGF-1 levels peak in the second decade of life, but subsequently decline rapidly until the sixth decade, when they plateau [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical relevance of insulin-like growth factor-1 to cardiovascular risk markers

et al. 2019

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Objective: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an anabolic hormone, the levels of which decline with age. The present study aimed to determine the impact of age-related declines in serum IGF-1 levels on various physiological processes. Design: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients whose serum IGF-1 levels were estimated in our department, and assessed the relationships between serum IGF-1 levels and various physiological parameters. Results: A total of 427 patients with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 52.8 (± 17.1) years were included in the analysis. The levels of serum IGF-1 showed significant positive correlation with those of hemoglobin and hematocrit, and negative correlation with the presence of inflammatory and fibrin-related markers including C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT), and D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDP). These tendencies persisted after exclusion of patients with pituitary disease. Conclusions: In this study population of diverse diseases and backgrounds, a decline in serum IGF-1 levels with age was associated with an increase in inflammatory and fibrin-related markers. This may explain the correlation between low serum IGF-1 levels and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Our findings suggest that serum IGF-1 is a clinically relevant marker of cardiovascular risk, particularly in males.

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Clinical relevance of low androgen to gastroesophageal reflux symptoms

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Detection of Male Hypogonadism in Patients with Post COVID-19 Condition

Detection of Male Hypogonadism in Patients with Post COVID-19 Condition

Gender-Dependent Characteristics of Serum 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D/25-Hydroxyvitamin D Ratio for the Assessment of Bone Metabolism

Clinical relevance of insulin-like growth factor-1 to cardiovascular risk markers

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