Clinical Relevance of Serum Amyloid a Protein Monitoring in Urinary Tract Infections

Časl, Martin-Tino; Sabljar-Matovinović, Mirjana; Kovačević, Sandra Vezmar; Počanić, Darko; Preden-Kereković, Vladimira; Jagarinec, Nada

doi:10.1177/000456329303000308

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A few decades ago the first publication emerged indicating that SAA and CRP act as the most reliable markers for monitoring antimicrobial therapy in patients with UTIs [33]. SAA and CRP levels were also found to be higher in bacterial infections than in viral infections, although SAA appeared to be more clinically relevant as a marker of inflammation in acute viral infections [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Induces Serum Amyloid A in Mice following Urinary Tract and Systemic Inoculation

et al. 2012

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Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute phase protein involved in the homeostasis of inflammatory responses and appears to be a vital host defense component with protective anti-infective properties. SAA expression remains poorly defined in many tissues, including the urinary tract which often faces bacterial challenge. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are usually caused by strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and frequently occur among otherwise healthy individuals, many of whom experience bouts of recurrent and relapsing infections despite the use of antibiotics. To date, whether SAA is present in the infected urothelium and whether or not the induction of SAA can protect the host against UPEC is unclear. Here we show, using mouse models coupled with immunofluorescence microscopy and quantitative RT-PCR, that delivery of UPEC either directly into the urinary tract via catheterization or systemically via intraperitoneal injection triggers the expression of SAA. As measured by ELISA, serum levels of SAA1/2 were also transiently elevated in response to UTI, but circulating SAA3 levels were only up-regulated substantially following intraperitoneal inoculation of UPEC. In in vitro assays, physiological relevant levels of SAA1/2 did not affect the growth or viability of UPEC, but were able to block biofilm formation by the uropathogens. We suggest that SAA functions as a critical host defense against UTIs, preventing the formation of biofilms both upon and within the urothelium and possibly providing clinicians with a sensitive serological marker for UTI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Induces Serum Amyloid A in Mice following Urinary Tract and Systemic Inoculation

et al. 2012

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“…In man, SAA has been reported to be the most reliable marker for monitoring response to antimicrobial therapy in patients with urinary tract infections (Casl et al 1993). It has also been used to differentiate pyrexia of infectious and unknown origin in acute leukaemic patients (Casl et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of serum amyloid A in the neonatal foal using a latex agglutination immunoturbidimetric assay: determination of the normal range, variation with age and response to disease

Stoneham

Palmer

Cash

et al. 2001

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary This paperdescribes the use of a latex agglutination assay to measure serum amyloid A (SAA) in the neonatal foal. The normal range and response to clinical disease was determined. This retrospective study evaluated SAA concentrations over the first 3 days postpartum of 226 Thoroughbred foals judged to be clinically healthy. The normal range for each day was determined; levels were found to be significantly highest on Day 2 (Day 1 vs. Day 2 P<0.0001). The 95th percentile for Days 1–3 was 27.1 mg/l. Clinical records of 133 foals, presented as first or second opinion cases, were evaluated. Foals were divided into 4 groups; septicaemia (S), focal infection (FI), failure of passive transfer (FPT) and noninfectious disease (NI). There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001) between SAA concentrations of control foals compared to Groups S and FI. There was no statistically significant difference between controls and Groups FPT and NI. When Group NI was compared to Groups S and FI, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001). The authors suggest that SAA determined by this latex agglutination assay might be a helpful aid in the diagnosis of septicaemia and focal infection in neonatal foals; levels >100 mg/l are highly suggestive of infection in young foals.

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“…Monitoring of inflammato ry responses in the postgrafting period [1][2][3] provides valuable information on the rejec tion process. Although some 30 plasma pro teins increase in concentration during in flammation, only two of them are suitable markers of acute-phase response: serum amyloid A protein (SAA) and C-reactive pro tein (CRP) [4][5][6], Both arc quick to respond and both increase substantially in severe in flammation, SAA being the more sensitive parameter [4,[6][7][8]. Routine assays for SAA were not available until recently, mainly due to the difficulty in producing useful antisera against human SAA.…”

Section: Serum Amyloid a Protein Monitoring For Early Prediction Of Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Amyloid A Protein Monitoring for Early Prediction of Kidney Allograft Rejection

Časl¹,

Bulatovic²,

Orlić

et al. 1995

Nephron

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Clinical Relevance of Serum Amyloid a Protein Monitoring in Urinary Tract Infections

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Induces Serum Amyloid A in Mice following Urinary Tract and Systemic Inoculation

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Induces Serum Amyloid A in Mice following Urinary Tract and Systemic Inoculation

Measurement of serum amyloid A in the neonatal foal using a latex agglutination immunoturbidimetric assay: determination of the normal range, variation with age and response to disease

Serum Amyloid A Protein Monitoring for Early Prediction of Kidney Allograft Rejection

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