Clinical Significance of Early Smoking Withdrawal Effects and Their Relationships With Nicotine Metabolism: Preliminary Results From a Pilot Study

Hendricks, Peter S.; Delucchi, Kevin; Benowitz, Neal L.; Hall, Sharon M.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt204

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Withdrawal-induced negative affect (e.g. anxiety or depression) has also been shown to predict cessation outcomes [14,35], with some evidence that anxiety may evince the most robust pattern of relations [39]. Other withdrawal symptoms found to predict relapse include sleep disturbance [14] and concentration difficulties [39].…”

Section: Nicotine/tobacco Withdrawal Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…anxiety or depression) has also been shown to predict cessation outcomes [14,35], with some evidence that anxiety may evince the most robust pattern of relations [39]. Other withdrawal symptoms found to predict relapse include sleep disturbance [14] and concentration difficulties [39]. Finally, converging evidence from studies that utilized ecological momentary assessment and/or daily diaries indicates that spikes in nicotine/tobacco withdrawal symptoms tend to immediately precede relapse to smoking [40].…”

Section: Nicotine/tobacco Withdrawal Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns and Predictors of Smoking Cessation

Ditre¹,

Zale

Brandon

2015

The Tobacco Epidemic

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Tobacco use continues to be the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Despite reduced rates of smoking among countries with effective tobacco control programs, the total number of smokers has actually increased over the past 30 years. International smoking trends have been influenced by global population growth, tobacco industry marketing in poorer and underdeveloped nations, limited awareness of smoking-related health risks and lack of access to frontline smoking interventions. There is also reason to believe that some smokers with certain characteristics or co-occurring conditions may have greater difficulty quitting. Factors that have been associated with poorer cessation outcomes include older age, lower socioeconomic status, exposure to other smokers in the home, greater tobacco dependence and more severe nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking abstinence, lower motivation and selfefficacy for quitting, greater negative affect, and the presence of comorbid depression, anxiety and co-occurring substance use disorders. Collectively, these data suggest that cessation rates may be enhanced by increasing the worldwide implementation of tobacco education and control programs, and by targeting recalcitrant smokers who have tried to quit without success. © 2015 S. Karger AG, BaselTobacco use continues to be the leading global cause of preventable death, with greater than 5 million annual deaths attributable to tobacco-related illnesses [1]. The World Health Organization has further estimated that if current trends continue, by 2030 tobacco will be responsible for 8 million deaths each year, with the vast majority occurring among persons living in low-to middle-income countries. Thus, it is imperative to examine patterns and predictors of smoking cessation, as these data may inform emerging tobacco control policies and the development of novel treatments. To this end, we first discuss international trends in smoking cessation, with a focus on how observed reductions in the prevalence of smoking among countries with effective tobacco control programs have been offset by an escalating tobacco epidemic in the developing world. We then examine factors that have consistently been shown to predict abstinence and relapse to smoking, including sociodemographic characteristics, household smoking behaviors, motivation and self-efficacy for quitting, nicotine/ tobacco dependence and withdrawal severity, and co-occurring/individual difference factors that may make quitting more difficult for some subpopulations of tobacco smokers. International Trends in Tobacco Smoking and CessationTobacco smoking statistics are often reported in terms of the percentage of persons in a given population who are classified as smokers (see also chapter 2). However, given that factors such as population growth can influence the interpretability and comparability of percentages over time, inferences regarding overall public health impact should also take into account the total number of smokers within and across populations. For example,...

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Section: Nicotine/tobacco Withdrawal Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nicotine/tobacco Withdrawal Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and Predictors of Smoking Cessation

Ditre¹,

Zale

Brandon

2015

The Tobacco Epidemic

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“…These include smokers' baseline serum cotinine levels (measure of nicotine levels), number of cigarettes smoked per day, motivation to smoke, and depression (Morrell et al 2008;West and Russell 1985). Despite the extensive literature on evaluating nicotine withdrawal symptoms in populations from high-income countries (Bidwell et al 2013;Gritz et al 1991;Hendricks and Leventhal 2013;Hendricks et al 2014;Morrell et al 2008;Neiro et al 2014;Piasecki et al 2003;West and Russell 1985;West et al 2008), such information in low-income countries lags behind. Findings from the first cessation trial that was conducted in a low-income country setting (Aleppo, Syria) show that having fewer nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation treatment was associated with a greater likelihood of smoking abstinence (Ward et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of nicotine withdrawal symptoms: findings from the first randomized smoking cessation trial in a low-income country setting

Taleb

Ward

Asfar

et al. 2016

Int J Public Health

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“…These include smokers' baseline serum cotinine levels (measure of nicotine levels), number of cigarettes smoked per day, motivation to smoke, and depression (Morrell et al, 2008;West and Russell, 1985). Despite the extensive literature on evaluating nicotine withdrawal symptoms in populations from high-income countries (Bidwell et al, 2013;Gritz et al, 1991;Hendricks and Leventhal, 2013;Hendricks et al, 2014;Morrell et al, 2008;Neiro et al, 2014;Piasecki et al, 2003;West and Russell, 1985;West et al, 2008), such information in low-income countries lags behind. Findings from the first cessation trial that was conducted in a low-income country setting (Aleppo, Syria), show that having fewer nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation treatment was associated with a greater likelihood of smoking abstinence .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include number of cigarettes smoked per day, motivation to smoke, and depression (Morrell et al 2008;West and Russell 1985). Despite the extensive literature on evaluating nicotine withdrawal symptoms in populations from high-income countries (Bidwell et al 2013;Gritz et al 1991;Hendricks and Leventhal 2013;Hendricks et al 2014;Neiro et al 2014;Piasecki et al 2003;West et al2008), such information in low-income countries lags behind.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Adherence, Withdrawal Symptoms and Changes in Body Mass Index: Finding from the First Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial in a Low-income Country Setting

Taleb¹

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However, there is a lack of information regarding these factors among smokers who attempt to quit in low-income country settings. The main objective of this study was to identify predictors of: 1) adherence to cessation treatment; 2) severity of withdrawal symptoms: and 3) post-cessation changes in body mass index among 269 smokers who attempted to quit in a randomized smoking cessation trial in a low-income country setting (Aleppo, Syria). All participants received behavioral counseling and were randomized to receive either 6 weeks of nicotine or placebo patch and were followed for one year.Findings from logistic regression showed that lower adherence to cessation treatment was associated with higher daily smoking, greater withdrawal symptoms, waterpipe use, being on placebo patch and the perception of receiving placebo patch. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses indicated that throughout the study, lower total withdrawal score was associated with greater education, older age of smoking initiation, higher confidence in ability to quit, higher adherence to patch, lower nicotine dependence, lower reported depression, waterpipe use and the perception of receiving nicotine patches rather than placebo. Further, smoking abstainers gained vii 1.8 BMI units (approximately 4.8kg) greater than non-abstainers over one year post quitting. In addition, greater BMI was associated with being female, smoking to control weight and having previously failed to quit due to weight gain.In conclusion, nicotine dependence, waterpipe use and expectancies regarding cessation treatment are important factors that influence adherence to cessation treatment and severity of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Moreover, targeted interventions that take into consideration the prevailing local and cultural influences on diet and levels of physical activity are recommended especially for females and smokers with weight concerns prior to quitting. Collectively, these findings will help in conducting future tailored effective cessation programs in Syria and other lowincome countries with similar levels of developments and tobacco use patterns.

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Clinical Significance of Early Smoking Withdrawal Effects and Their Relationships With Nicotine Metabolism: Preliminary Results From a Pilot Study

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Patterns and Predictors of Smoking Cessation

Patterns and Predictors of Smoking Cessation

Predictors of nicotine withdrawal symptoms: findings from the first randomized smoking cessation trial in a low-income country setting

Predictors of Adherence, Withdrawal Symptoms and Changes in Body Mass Index: Finding from the First Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial in a Low-income Country Setting

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