Clinical Significance of Immunohistochemically-Identified Lymphatic and/or Blood Vessel Tumor Invasion in Gastric Cancer

Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression correlates with angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients

“…Tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis are significant prognostic factors for GC. Moreover, lymphatic and vascular invasions are significant risk factors for GC recurrence [21]. NO is a product of the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the NO synthase, and previous reports have implicated NO plays an important role in tumor growth and angiogenesis in cancer [22].…”

Cadherin-17 induces tumorigenesis and lymphatic metastasis in gastric cancer through activation of NFκB signaling pathway

“…6 Especially in recent years, the importance of lymph node micrometastasis (LNMM) has been increasingly recognized, 7 which is regarded as the supplement of current staging systems for predicting prognosis or planning adjuvant therapy. 8 However, it remains difficult to diagnose lymphatic metastasis preoperatively or to supervise its recurrence postoperatively by imaging tests, 9 let alone to diagnose the micrometastasis. Therefore, to identify the metastasis related biomarkers as auxiliary examination or therapeutic target trends to be essential.…”

Lymphangiogenic and Angiogenic Microvessel Density in Chinese Patients with Gastric Carcinoma: Correlation with Clinicopathologic Parameters and Prognosis

“…Poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients occurs due to rapid metastasis of the disease via the lymphs as well as blood in advanced stages. Previous studies have shown that lymphatic and blood vessel invasion (LBVI) is closely correlated with characteristics of gastric cancer patients, including tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and histological type, which may be used as the indices to determine the metastasis and prognosis of gastric cancer patients (del Casar et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2010;Du et al, 2012). The antibodies D2-40 and CD34 are characterized as specificity labels of the endothelial cells of the lymphatic and blood vessels.…”