Clinical significance of pre‐transplant circulating CD3⁺CD4⁺CD161⁺ cell frequency on the occurrence of neutropenic infections after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Abstract

Our data indicated that a lower frequency of CD3 CD4 CD161 T cells in peripheral blood before conditioning therapy was associated with a higher incidence of infection during the neutropenic period. These results suggest that recipient innate T cells with expression of C-type lectin CD161 can guard against infections before engraftment.

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Correlate with Early Infections and Clinical Outcomes in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

“…The primary treatment for acute GVHD consisted mainly of methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg or an equivalent dose of prednisone with a gradual taper [16,24]. Infections included microbially and clinically defined infections requiring therapy [25,26] and infections before engraftment and after 100 days were excluded from this study. The cumulative incidence was used to estimate the probability of acute GVHD, infection, treatmentrelated mortality (TRM), and relapse and was compared by the Gray test.…”

Low frequency of CD3+CD4+CD161+ T cells correlates with the occurrence of infections in refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma patients receiving lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone treatment

“…Until recently, there has been an agreement that CD161 receptors on NK cells play an inhibitory role [28][29][30], whereas the role on T cells lacks consensus. Recently, we reported that the proportion of pretransplant circulating CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + cells in the allogeneic stem cell transplant setting was associated with the occurrence of neutropenic inf e c t i o n s , w h i c h s u g g e s t e d t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + cells in the rapid immune response to microorganisms before establishment of the post-transplant immune system [31]. The relation between pretransplant CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + cells and the occurrence of early complications was also seen in autologous stem cell transplant setting [32].…”

Circulating CD3+CD4+CD161+Cells Are Associated with Early Complications after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma

“…We previously evaluated the association of CD161-expressing T cells with the development of acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic SCT and found that a low proportion of CD8 + CD161 + cells and a high ratio of CD4 + CD161 + cells to CD8 + CD161 + cells from peripheral blood at engraftment were associated with the occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease, with evidence of higher expression of the Th17 transcription factor ROR γ T in CD4 + CD161 + T cells rather than CD8 + CD161 + T cells [ 30 ]. Furthermore, we reported that in 282 patients receiving allogeneic SCT pretransplant circulating CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + cell proportion was associated with the occurrence of neutropenic infections, suggesting the importance of CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + cells in a rapid immune response to microorganisms before establishment of the posttransplant immune system [ 9 ]. In the present study, we showed that pretransplant proportion of CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + T cells in patients with MM undergoing ASCT can predict the occurrence of early complications, suggesting that CD161-expressing T cells play an important role in the inflammatory milieu.…”

“…Considering that before the initial engraftment a patient's remaining innate immune system may play defensive roles against infections, we previously evaluated the influence of a circulating innate T cell subtype, CD161-expressing T cells, on early outcomes after allogeneic SCT. In particular, circulating CD3 + CD4 + CD161 + cell proportion was a risk factor for the occurrence of clinically or microbiologically documented infections before engraftment [ 9 ].…”

“…Although the influence of CD161-expressing T cells on early complications after allogeneic SCT has been examined [ 9 ], their role in early complications after ASCT in patients with MM, who have different medical conditions and immune system characteristics, are uncertain. In this study, we explored the ability of circulating CD161-expressing cells (as detected prior to ASCT) to predict mucositis and infections in patients with MM undergoing ASCT.…”