Clinical significance of thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in Graves’ disease: a cross-sectional study

Katahira, Masahito; Tsunekawa, Taku; Mizoguchi, Akira; Yamaguchi, M.; Tsuru, Kahori; Takashima, Hiromi; Terada, Ryoma

doi:10.1007/s42000-023-00437-7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This model included several risk factors and showed that subjects who had elevated Anti-TG values had a 21-times-higher probability of developing IOP elevation. Thyroglobulin (Tg) has been proposed to play a role in GO [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Polymorphisms in Tg, along with a combination of iodine and the enzymatic activity of thyroid peroxidase required for thyroid hormone synthesis, may unintentionally trigger an autoimmune response in the thyroid [ 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Structural and Functional Changes in Patients with Raised Intraocular Pressure Due to Graves’ Orbitopathy

Bagatin,

Prpić,

Škunca Herman

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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This study explores the complication of secondary intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and consequent glaucoma development in Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), an autoimmune disorder associated with hyperthyroidism. Utilizing Octopus 900 visual field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT), the research established correlations between functional and structural changes in optic nerve regions in patients with GO and patients with GO with elevated IOP (GO IOP) groups. A comparison with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) was conducted in a cohort of 182 subjects. The study identifies optic nerve head parameters that effectively differentiate changes in GO and GO IOP groups. In the GO group, the strongest correlation between structural and functional changes was observed in sector 7, while in the GO IOP group, it was in sectors 1 and 7. For POAG, correlation was found in six sectors. Elevated IOP in GO correlates with structural and functional impairments similarly to early glaucoma. Risk factors for GO-related elevated IOP included older age, longer duration of thyroid disease, and higher anti-thyroglobulin values. The study highlights the significance of regular IOP measurements, visual field assessments, and OCT examinations in GO patients. Early antiglaucoma intervention is warranted when characteristic structural and functional changes and/or risk factors are identified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Structural and Functional Changes in Patients with Raised Intraocular Pressure Due to Graves’ Orbitopathy

Bagatin,

Prpić,

Škunca Herman

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have described the roles of TG-Ab and TPO-Ab in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD). Studies have shown that patients positive for TG-Ab with GD have lower TRAb titers and are in remission earlier than those negative for TG-Ab, Patients positive for TPOAb with GD have higher TRAb titers and need a longer time to achieve remission [ 17 ]. Other studies indicate that positive TPO-Ab and high Free triiodothyronine level in children with Graves' disease can be predictive factors for the presence of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between choroidal vascularity and retrobulbar ocular blood flow changes and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy activity: a cross-sectional study

Sun,

Su,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Ophthalmol

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Objective To evaluate the alterations in retrobulbar color Doppler imaging (CDI) parameters and retinal/choroidal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters and their association with the clinical activity and severity in thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) patients. Methods In this study, the retrobulbar flow parameters including resistance index (RI), Pulsatile Index(PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) in posterior ciliary artery (PCA), central retinal artery (CRA) and ophthalmic artery (OA) were determined by CDI. Moreover, the retina and choroidal vascularity including the superficial vessel density (SVD), deep vessel density (DVD), choroidal thickness (ChT) and choroidal vascularity, including total choroidal area (TCA), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA) and Choroidal Vascularity Index (CVI), were determined by OCTA. All patients grouped as active TAO and inactive TAO based on Clinical activity score (CAS). We picked the severe eye among the subjects and compared all parameters between two groups. We analyzed the correlations among those parameters. Results There was a significant difference in CAS score, proptosis value, ChT, LA, CVI between patients with active TAO and inactive TAO. In the active group, PSV and EDV of PCA were significantly higher than the inactive group. On logistic regression analysis, CAS was closely associated with PSV-PCA. On multiple linear regression, proptosis value was closely associated with ChT, LA, SA and CVI. Conclusion Choroidal vascularization and retrobulbar blood flow were concurrently higher in active TAO patients and several variables in choroid circulation was closely related to TAO clinical features.

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Thymic hyperplasia is accurate to detect new-onset Graves’ hyperthyroidism and resolves after restoring euthyroidism

Scappaticcio,

Caruso,

Di Martino

et al. 2024

J Endocrinol Invest

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Purpose Abnormal liver blood tests (ALBTs), neutropenia (NEU) and thymic hyperplasia (TH) are new features of Graves' disease (GD). Our objectives were: (a) to calculate the accuracy of TH in discriminating between Graves’ and non-Graves’ thyrotoxicosis, compared to ALBTs, NEU and Graves’ orbitopathy (GO); (b) to explore the outcome of GD-associated TH and non-GD-associated TH. Methods We prospectively analyzed consecutive adult patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis from January 2018 to June 2023. TH was detected via neck ultrasound (nUS) then confirmed and followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For GD vs non-GD clinical sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SPEC), accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of GO, TH, ALBTs and NEU were calculated. Results 264 thyrotoxic patients were included. TH was found in 16.4% (20/122) of GD vs 1.4% (2/142) in non-GD (p < 0.001). SE, SPEC, accuracy, PPV and NPV of the four extrathyroidal manifestations of GD were as follows, respectively: GO 26%, 100%, 66%, 100%, 61%; ALBTs 41%, 89%, 69%, 76%, 66%; NEU 5%, 100%, 56%, 100%, 55%; TH 16%, 98%, 61%, 91%, 98%. In 18 of them, TH regressed within 12 months after achieving euthyroidism under anti-thyroid drug therapy, while in the remaining 2, TH regressed 6 months after thyroid surgery. In the two non-GD patients with TH, thymus disappeared along with euthyroidism. Conclusions TH in the hyperthyroidism scenario provides a high PPV for GD. A conservative approach for the diagnostic work‐up and initial management of thyrotoxicosis-associated TH should be adopted.

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Clinical significance of thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in Graves’ disease: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Correlation between Structural and Functional Changes in Patients with Raised Intraocular Pressure Due to Graves’ Orbitopathy

Correlation between Structural and Functional Changes in Patients with Raised Intraocular Pressure Due to Graves’ Orbitopathy

Correlation between choroidal vascularity and retrobulbar ocular blood flow changes and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy activity: a cross-sectional study

Thymic hyperplasia is accurate to detect new-onset Graves’ hyperthyroidism and resolves after restoring euthyroidism

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