Clinical signs, duodenal histopathological grades, and serum high‐mobility group box 1 concentrations in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly occurs in dogs, but there is lack of information about potential biomarkers of clinical and histopathologic severity. Objective To examine the role of serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) and high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) concentrations in dogs with IBD. Animals Seventeen dogs with IBD and 25 healthy dogs. Methods In this prospective study, duodenal histopathologic severity was graded, and the clinical severity of IBD was assessed by the canine IBD assessment index (CIBDAI) score in dogs with IBD. Serum CRP and HMGB1 concentrations were compared between IBD and healthy dogs and analyzed according to histopathologic grade in dogs with IBD. The correlations between serum CRP and HMGB1 concentrations and the CIBDAI score were evaluated. Results Dogs with IBD had higher serum CRP (median [range] = 20.39 [1.53‐67.69] μg/mL vs 2.31 [0.17‐11.49] μg/mL; P < .001) and HMGB1 concentrations (0.44 [0.07‐1.58] ng/mL vs 0.05 [0.01‐0.25] ng/mL; P < .001) than healthy dogs. The serum HMGB1 concentration was higher in IBD dogs with a moderate to severe histopathologic grade (0.51 [0.30‐1.58] ng/mL, P = .03) than in those with a mild histopathologic grade (0.17 [0.07‐0.75] ng/mL). Serum CRP concentrations and CIBDAI score were positively correlated in dogs with IBD (rs = .49, P = .05). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Serum HMGB1 could be a potential biomarker for diagnosing IBD and might be indicative of histopathologic severity in dogs, whereas serum CRP might be an indicator of clinical severity.

Atualidades Na Saúde E Bem-Estar Animal, Volume 7

“…A etiopatogenia da ELP ainda é desconhecida, mas acredita-se que se trata de uma resposta imunológica exacerbada da mucosa gastrointestinal que ocorre em hospedeiros geneticamente suscetíveis, levando a danos no intestino delgado do animal acometido (LEE et al, 2021). Sabe-se que o fator nuclear-kappa B (NFkappaB) é o principal regulador da transcrição de citocinas inflamatórias do intestino delgado e que o mesmo, encontra-se inativado no citoplasma por meio de proteínas inibidoras.…”

“…Diante disso, configuram-se como sinais indicativos da ELP: diarreia, vômito, perda de peso progressiva, alterações de apetite, letargia e anorexia (CASCON et al, 2017;JERGENS et al, 2003). De forma menos frequente, podem ser constatados borborigmos, dor abdominal, melena e hematêmese (LEE et al, 2021;WASHABAU & DAY, 2012).…”

“…Dessa forma, causas sistêmicas e extraintestinais devem ser descartadas. Doenças parasitárias, neoplásicas, pancreatite, diarreia responsiva a antibióticos e alergia alimentar devem ser excluídas por meio de exames coproparasitológicos, dietas restritivas, análise de proteínas, avaliações hematológicas, bioquímicas e hormonais (CASCONet al, 2017;JERGENS&SIMPSON, 2012;LEE et al, 2021;WASHABAU& DAY, 2012) para que se possa diagnosticar a ELP.…”

“…Além dos sistemas citados, pesquisas sugerem novos meios de diagnóstico e acompanhamento da ELP, como a quantificação da HMGB1 e Proteína C Reativa (CRP), proteínas sinalizadoras de inflamação, que se encontram aumentadas em cães diagnosticados com IBD atuando não só como indicador de severidade da doença como também uma medida de avaliação de resposta ao tratamento, pois reduzem após terapêutica adequada (LEE et al, 2021).…”

C-Reactive Protein as a Diagnostic Marker in Dogs: A Review

“…Testing 48 h before the workout began and within 20 min of completing it, over a 10-time fold increase was observed (rising from a mean of 22.4 ± 16.3 µg/mL to 263.3 ± 103.8 µg/mL). CRP concentration was also measured in sled dogs completing a 1650-km race and significant changes were observed: CRP (median [range]) start: 18 μg/mL [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]; midpoint: 119 76 μg/mL [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ,…”