Clinical Studies on Tetanus

Modanlou, Houchang D.; Smith, Elaine; Paul, Richard H.; Hon, Edward H.

doi:10.1177/000992287301201109

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For the mother it frequently means a long-lasting vaginal examination, interfering with the nor mal labor process. For the fetus each sampling is invasive and fetal bleedings and infections have been described, possibly contributing to an increase in fetal morbidity and mortality [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcutaneous and Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension during Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion in Fetal Sheep

Bergmans

Stevens²,

Keunen³

et al. 1997

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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To study the relationship between arterial P_CO2 (PaCO₂) and transcutaneous P_CO2 (tcP_CO2) intermittent 2-min total umbilical cord occlusions were performed with a 3-min interval (n = 12) in 5 fetal sheep. tcP_CO2 was measured continuously. Arterial acid-base balance was analyzed at the end of occlusion periods and at the end of occlusion intervals. During each occlusion, PaCO₂ increased 1.9 kPa (p < 0.001) and pH decreased 0.07 units (p < 0.001). Partial recovery occurred between occlusion intervals resulting in development of mild fetal acidemia. The quick fluctuations in PaCO₂ during occlusions were not followed by tcP_CO2 but tcP_CO2 was capable following the trend in PaCO₂. Measurement of tcP_CO2 may therefore be an additional tool in the detection of the development of fetal acidemia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcutaneous and Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension during Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion in Fetal Sheep

Bergmans

Stevens²,

Keunen³

et al. 1997

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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show abstract

“…Since each sampling often requests a long lasting vaginal examination, the procedure interferes with the normal labor process and is cumbersome to the laboring woman. With regard to the fetus: each sampling is invasive and fetal bleedings and infections have been described, possibly contributing to an increase of fetal morbidity and mortality [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and processing of fetal transcutaneous Pco₂levels

Bergmans¹,

Geijn²,

Kessel³

et al. 1987

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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Because asphyxia is not the only factor influencing fetal heart rhythm, a non-optimal cardiotachogram is not necessarily a sign of fetal distress. It makes further evaluation of the fetal condition advisable, especially determination of the acid-base equilibrium. The method of fetal blood sampling, introduced by Saling, has a number of disadvantages for mother and fetus, because of the invasiveness for both. Further, the measured acid-base equilibrium is only representative for a very short period of time and often repeated micro-blood sampling is necessary. A major problem with regard to determination of the acid-base equilibrium in intermittently obtained fetal blood samples is the inclusion of air bubbles in the sample. When they are introduced into the electrode cuvettes, the measured values cannot be considered reliable. The problem was solved in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam with a "pipe" shaped special collecting vessel. Similar measuring results were obtained with the formerly used glass capillary method and the special collecting vessel method. Continuous, non-invasive methods have been pursued to avoid the above mentioned problems. Fetal transcutaneous Po2 measurement has been possible for years, but does not provide adequate information during the important second stage of labor because of methodological problems. Continuous fetal tissue pH surveillance is possible, but it also has an invasive character and is technically difficult to perform, leading to many methodological failures. Recently, continuous transcutaneous Pco2 measurement tcPco2 became available. A good correlation was found with simultaneously measured Pco2 levels in fetal blood samples and with those of umbilical artery blood.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…Because FSBS is invasive for the fetus, many cases of complications have been reported. [6][7][8][9] According to a recent case report, one serious complication, cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the incision site, occurred during FSBS. 9 Kanayama and Niwayama 10 have developed a smaller oximetry with the sensor attached to the examiner's finger (KN-15, ASTEM, Kwasaki, Japan).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this oximeter, we have previously reported that our fetal StO 2 reflects the contributions of approximately two-thirds of the fetal brain and one-third of the scalp in the measurement of the fetus during labor. 7 This sourcedetector distance provides a depth of 3.0 to 4.0 mm. Because it is relatively easy to obtain blood samples from facial vessels in a mouse, we attempted to attach the probe to the mouse's facial site in the present study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial tissue oxygen saturation is associated with blood pH using an examiner’s finger-mounted tissue oximetry in mice

et al. 2016

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Clinical Studies on Tetanus

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Transcutaneous and Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension during Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion in Fetal Sheep

Transcutaneous and Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension during Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion in Fetal Sheep

Measurement and processing of fetal transcutaneous Pco₂levels

Craniofacial tissue oxygen saturation is associated with blood pH using an examiner’s finger-mounted tissue oximetry in mice

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Clinical Studies on Tetanus

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Transcutaneous and Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension during Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion in Fetal Sheep

Transcutaneous and Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension during Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion in Fetal Sheep

Measurement and processing of fetal transcutaneous Pco2levels

Craniofacial tissue oxygen saturation is associated with blood pH using an examiner’s finger-mounted tissue oximetry in mice

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Measurement and processing of fetal transcutaneous Pco₂levels