Clinical therapy of schistosomiasis mansoni: The Brazilian contribution

Katz, Naftale; Coelho, Paulo Marcos Zech

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.05.006

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Many studies have shown that in schistosomotic patients, there is a balance between the Th1 and Th2 responses (12). Furthermore, these same studies strongly suggest that resistance to infection is multifactorial and that it cannot be clearly correlated with a single immune mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Current schistosomiasis treatment is based on the use of praziquantel (PZQ), a pirazylisoquinoline, which is effective against all Schistosoma species infecting humans (11,12) and has been successfully used over the last 20 years as the drug of choice in most areas where the disease is endemic (3,13,14). Even though PZQ the antihelminthic drug of choice and despite its advantages, which include tolerability, safety, efficacy, and low cost, PZQ does not protect individuals from reinfection and is not active against the immature stages of the worm, such as the schistosomula and preadult and juvenile adult stages (13,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Anti-Schistosoma mansoni Activity of Thiosemicarbazones and Thiazoles

Santiago

Oliveira

Filho

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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f Schistosomiasis is a chronic and debilitating disease caused by a trematode of the genus Schistosoma and affects over 207 million people. Chemotherapy is the only immediate recourse for minimizing the prevalence of this disease and involves predominately the administration of a single drug, praziquantel (PZQ). Although PZQ has proven efficacy, there is a recognized need to develop new drugs as schistosomicides since studies have shown that repeated use of this drug in areas of endemicity may cause a temporary reduction in susceptibility in isolates of Schistosoma mansoni. Hydrazones, thiosemicarbazones, phthalimides, and thiazoles are thus regarded as privileged structures used for a broad spectrum of activities and are potential candidates for sources of new drug prototypes. The present study determined the in vitro schistosomicidal activity of 10 molecules containing these structures. During the assays, parameters such motility and mortality, oviposition, morphological changes in the tegument, cytotoxicity, and immunomodulatory activity caused by these compounds were evaluated. The results showed that compounds formed of thiazole and phthalimide led to higher mortality of worms, with a significant decline in motility, inhibition of pairing and oviposition, and a mortality rate of 100% starting from 144 h of exposure. These compounds also stimulated the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣), thereby demonstrating the presence of immunomodulatory activity. The phthalyl thiazole LpQM-45 caused significant ultrastructural alterations, with destruction of the tegument in both male and female worms. According to the present study, phthalyl thiazole compounds possess antischistosomal activities and should form the basis for future experimental and clinical trials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Anti-Schistosoma mansoni Activity of Thiosemicarbazones and Thiazoles

Santiago

Oliveira

Filho

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Its use was, however, quite extensive : over 12 million doses were administered in Brazil in a schistosomiasis control programme organized by that country's Ministry of Health (Katz and Coelho, 2008).…”

Section: Oxamniquinementioning

confidence: 99%

Praziquantel: its use in control of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa and current research needs

et al. 2009

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S U M M A R YTreatment with praziquantel (PZQ) has become virtually the sole basis of schistosomiasis control in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere, and the drug is reviewed here in the context of the increasing rate that it is being used for this purpose. Attention is drawn to our relative lack of knowledge about the mechanisms of action of PZQ at the molecular level, the need for more work to be done on schistosome isolates that have been collected recently from endemic areas rather than those maintained in laboratory conditions for long periods, and our reliance for experimental work mainly on Schistosoma mansoni, little work having been done on S. haematobium. There is no evidence that resistance to PZQ has been induced in African schistosomes as a result of its large-scale use on that continent to date, but there is also no assurance that PZQ and/ or schistosomes are in any way unique and that resistant organisms will not be selected as a result of widespread drug usage. The failure of PZQ to produce complete cures in populations given a routine treatment should therefore solicit considerable concern. With few alternatives to PZQ currently available and/or on the horizon, methods to monitor drug-susceptibility in African schistosomes need to be devised and used to help ensure that this drug remains effective for as long a time as possible.

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“…However, the drug is widely used in Brazil and other South American Countries for the control of S. mansoni infection. Katz and Coelho (2008) reported that over 12 million doses of the drug were administered in a control programme in Brazil alone.…”

Section: Application Of Oxamniquine In S Mansoni Control Programmesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Schistosomiasis

Useh¹

2012

Schistosomiasis

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Clinical therapy of schistosomiasis mansoni: The Brazilian contribution

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

Evaluation of the Anti-Schistosoma mansoni Activity of Thiosemicarbazones and Thiazoles

Evaluation of the Anti-Schistosoma mansoni Activity of Thiosemicarbazones and Thiazoles

Praziquantel: its use in control of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa and current research needs

Control of Schistosomiasis

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