Clinical trial of clonidine hydrochloride as an antisecretory agent in cholera

Rabbani, Golam; Butler, Thomas; Patte, D; Abud, Rodney L.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(89)90067-x

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although clonidine produced a modest reduction in fecal electrolyte loss in cholera patients, no clinically significant benefit in fecal fluid loss was observed (193). However, several anecdotal reports show clonidine to be of significant benefit in diarrhea associated with diabetes (194).…”

Section: Short Staturementioning

confidence: 98%

Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Applications of alpha2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes

Ruffolo

Nichols²,

Stadel³

et al. 1993

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.

222

103

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Section: Short Staturementioning

confidence: 98%

Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Applications of alpha2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes

Ruffolo

Nichols²,

Stadel³

et al. 1993

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.

222

103

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“…Clonidine, an α 2 ‐agonist, has been shown to inhibit intestinal secretion induced by cholera toxin [15,16]. Unfortunately, despite lowering stool sodium and chloride concentrations, clonidine has not been shown to decrease stool output in clinical trials of cholera [17,18]. However, it is still possible that wine flavonoids decrease cholera toxin‐induced diarrhea through α 2 ‐adrenergic receptor mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wine Components Inhibit Cholera Toxin-Induced Intestinal Secretion in Rats

Roberts

Zaloga

Burney

et al. 2000

J Intensive Care Med

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Gut bacterial toxins contribute to many diseases, including diarrhea. Cholera represents a life‐threatening form of enterotoxin‐induced diarrhea caused by infection with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Diarrhea results from the prosecretory actions of a bacterial enterotoxin. The aim of this study was to identify dietary compounds that antagonize the intestinal secretory actions of cholera toxin and which might be useful in diarrhea prevention and treatment. Rat small intestine (jejunum) was ligated in vivo and separate segments of small bowel were randomly injected with various dietary compounds in the presence and absence of cholera toxin. The secretory response to cholera toxin was assessed by measuring the amount of fluid secreted into the bowel segments. Compared to controls, red wine and wine components significantly inhibited the small intestinal secretory response to cholera toxin. Grape juice, ethanol (12%), and World Health Organization rehydration fluid had lesser antisecretory effects. These novel results demonstrate that nonethanol components of wine possess antisecretory effects. These substances may be useful in treating gut enterotoxin‐mediated diseases such as cholera.

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“…These metabolic derangements can impair the quality of life. Clonidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist is effective in treating diarrhea resulting from diabetes [33] and modestly decreases sodium and potassium losses in patients with cholera [34]. McDoniel et al [35], in a recent case report, evaluated the use of oral clonidine in two patients with high intestinal outputs who were refractory to conventional therapy.…”

Section: Factors That Influence Fluid and Electrolyte Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advances in the management of short bowel syndrome

Jackson

Buchman

2005

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the predominant cause of intestinal failure and is thus associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality. One of the reasons this occurs is the dramatic reduction in nutrient absorptive capacity. Of the many causes of SBS, the most common cause is extensive surgical resection. The impressive ability of the bowel to adapt functionally and morphologically is critical for decreasing morbidity and mortality in these patients. The degree of adaptation is vital in decreasing the dependence on parenteral nutrition (PN) and for improving patient quality of life and long-term outcome. Provision of appropriate and sufficient nutritional and fluid support is essential for the management of these patients. The primary goal is to prevent or eliminate the need for PN. Recent developments have promoted a greater understanding of the process of intestinal adaptation. Various intestinal trophic factors have been recognized. These efforts have led to the early development of hormonal therapy to stimulate intestinal adaptation and enhance intestinal absorption. Intestinal transplantation remains an option for those who have developed life-threatening complications from PN and cannot be managed using more conservative techniques.

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Clinical trial of clonidine hydrochloride as an antisecretory agent in cholera

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Applications of alpha2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes

Pharmacologic and Therapeutic Applications of alpha2-Adrenoceptor Subtypes

Wine Components Inhibit Cholera Toxin-Induced Intestinal Secretion in Rats

Advances in the management of short bowel syndrome

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