Clinical trial of treatment programs for purulent vaginal discharge in lactating dairy cattle in New Zealand

McDougall, S; Boer, Melvin de; Compton, C. R. W.; LeBlanc, S.J.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.02.002

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The same research group built on this with a meta-analysis that similarly identified no improvement on reproductive performance from treatment of endometritis with PGF (Haimerl et al, 2013). Subsequent to these syntheses, a trial showed that among cows with PVD, a programme of treating those with a palpable CL with PGF produced equivalent reproductive performance as treating all with IU cephapirin (McDougall et al, 2013). Lima et al (2013) showed that PGF at 25 DIM reduced the prevalence of endometritis 1 week later, but PGF at 25 or 25 and 39 DIM did not improve reproductive performance.…”

Section: Leblancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows

LeBlanc

2014

Animal

125

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Up to half of dairy cows are affected by at least one of metritis, purulent vaginal discharge, endometritis or cervicitis in the postpartum period. These conditions result from inadequate immune response to bacterial infection (failure to clear pathogenic bacteria from the uterus) or persistent inflammation that impairs rather than enhances reproductive function. The degree of mobilization of fat and how effectively it is used as a metabolic fuel is well recognized as a risk factor for metabolic and infectious disease. Release of non-esterified fatty acids has direct effects on liver and immune function but also produces pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6), which contribute to systemic inflammation and to insulin resistance. Therefore, reproductive tract inflammatory disease may be a function of both local and systemic inflammatory stimuli and regulation as well as regulation of fat metabolism. Better understanding of variables associated with insulin resistance and inflammatory regulation in the liver and adipose tissue may lead to improvement of reproductive tract health. This paper reviews factors that may contribute to postpartum reproductive tract inflammatory diseases in dairy cows and their inter-relationships, impacts and treatment.

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Section: Leblancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows

LeBlanc

2014

Animal

125

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“…However, CE impairs reproductive performance (Barlund et al, 2008;Plontzke et al, 2011), and consequently has a negative economic effect on the modern dairy industry (Lee and Kim, 2007). Many CE treatment strategies have been evaluated to date, such as intrauterine-administered antibiotics (Runciman et al, 2008;Galvão et al, 2009b;McDougall et al, 2013), chlorhexidine (Gilbert and Schwark, 1992), enzymes (Drillich et al, 2005), hypertonic dextrose (Brick et al, 2012), and the systemic administration of PGF 2α (LeBlanc et al, 2002;Kasimanickam et al, 2005;Lima et al, 2013).…”

Section: The Effect Of Intrauterine Infusion Of Dextrose On Clinical mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a single intrauterine infusion of 0.5 g of cephapirin (first generation cephalosporin) has been reported as an efficacious treatment against CE (Runciman et al, 2008;McDougall et al, 2013). On the other hand, the intrauterine administration of ceftiofur (third generation cephalosporin) was reported to decrease the prevalence intrauterine infection by T. pyogenes but did not improve CE or reproductive performance (Galvão et al, 2009b).…”

Section: The Effect Of Intrauterine Infusion Of Dextrose On Clinical mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of intrauterine infusion of dextrose on clinical endometritis cure rate and reproductive performance of dairy cows

Machado

Oikonomou

Ganda

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the intrauterine administration use of 200 mL of 50% dextrose solution as a treatment against clinical endometritis (CE); CE cure rate and reproductive performance were evaluated. Additionally, the association of several relevant risk factors, such as retained placenta (RP), metritis, CE, anovulation, hyperketonemia, and body condition score with reproductive performance, early embryonic mortality, and CE were evaluated. A total of 1,313 Holstein cows housed on 4 commercial dairy farms were enrolled in the study. At 7±3 DIM cows were examined for metritis and had blood collected to determine serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentration. To determine if cows had ovulated at least once before 44±3 DIM, the presence of a corpus luteum was evaluated by ovarian ultrasonography at 30±3 DIM and at 44±3 DIM. At 30±3 DIM, CE was diagnosed using the Metricheck device (SimcroTech, Hamilton, New Zealand); cows with purulent or mucopurulent vaginal discharge were diagnosed as having CE. Cows diagnosed with CE (n=175) were randomly allocated into 2 treatment groups: treatment (intrauterine infusion of 200 mL of 50% dextrose) or control (no infusion). Clinical endometritis cows were re-evaluated as described above at 44±3 DIM, and cows that were free of purulent or mucopurulent vaginal discharge were considered cured. Intrauterine infusion of dextrose tended to have a detrimental effect on CE cure rate, and treatment did not have an effect on first-service conception rate and early embryonic mortality. A multivariable Cox's proportional hazard model was performed to evaluate the effect of several variables on reproductive performance; the variables RP, CE, parity, anovulation, and the interaction term between parity and anovulation were associated with hazard of pregnancy. Cows that did not have RP or CE were more likely to conceive than cows that were diagnosed with RP or CE. Cows that had RP were at 3.36 times higher odds of losing their pregnancy than cows that did not have RP. In addition, cows diagnosed with CE were at 2.16 higher odds of losing their pregnancy than cows without CE. In conclusion, intrauterine infusion of 200 mL of 50% dextrose solution as a treatment for CE had a strong statistical tendency to decrease CE cure rate, did not improve first-service conception rate and early embryonic mortality, and did not decrease calving-to-conception interval.

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“…Also, the system of endometritis treatment used in our study could be open to discussion, because many studies have been published in this field (Kaufmann et al 2010;Dubuc et al 2011;Haimerl et al 2013;McDougall et al 2013). Nevertheless, this system was used for all cows in the same way and therefore it should not have influenced the final evaluation in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-calving administration of uterine stimulants does not improve reproductive performance in dairy cows

Holickova¹,

Doležel²,

Čech³

2015

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of administration of oxytocin, in combination with dinoprost or ergometrin, after parturition on the occurrence of clinical endometritis and subsequent reproductive performance in dairy cows. The cows, without retained foetal membranes, were assigned to one of three groups. No treatment was performed in the control group (Group C, n = 229). However, intramuscular administrations of oxytocin (30 IU) on Days 1 and 2 post partum, in combination with dinoprost (25 mg, Group D, n = 123) or ergometrin (15 mg, Group E, n = 130) administered on Day 7 post partum, were performed in experimental groups. Vaginal discharge score (VDS, 1-5), uterine content score (UCS, 1-3) on Day14 to 21 post partum, number of treatment interventions (TI), proportion of non-treated cows (NT) because of endometritis, calving to first insemination interval (CI), first insemination conception rate (CR), and proportion of pregnant cows by Day 150 post partum (PC), were compared among groups. There was no significant difference among groups for any parameter. Average values were 2.08, 2.24 and 2.06 (VDS); 1.49, 1.51 and 1.45 (UCS); 0.86, 0.93 and 0.74 (TI); 59.4, 54.2 and 54.7% (NT); 73.9 ± 15.2, 75.4 ± 17 and 74.2 ± 17 days (CI); 41.4, 38.9 and 44.3% (CR); and 75.4, 77.7 and 80.5% (PC) for Groups C, D and E, respectively. There was no significant benefit of preventive administration of oxytocin, in combination with dinoprost or ergometrin, after parturition on reproductive performance in dairy cows.Keywords: cow; endometritis; oxytocin; dinoprost; ergometrin; reproductive parameters Abbreviations CI = calving to the first insemination interval, CR = first insemination conception rate, NT = non-treated cows, PC = proportion of pregnant cows by day 150 post partum, TI = treatment interventions, TMR = total mixed ration, UCS = uterine content score, VDS = vaginal discharge score

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Clinical trial of treatment programs for purulent vaginal discharge in lactating dairy cattle in New Zealand

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows

Reproductive tract inflammatory disease in postpartum dairy cows

The effect of intrauterine infusion of dextrose on clinical endometritis cure rate and reproductive performance of dairy cows

Post-calving administration of uterine stimulants does not improve reproductive performance in dairy cows

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