Clinical update on type II first branchial cleft cysts

Abstract

Two clinical signs are described: the location of the sinus opening in the neck, which is situated in a triangle limited by the external auditory canal above, the mental region anteriorly, and the hyoid bone inferiorly, and the presence in some cases of a myringeal web that runs from the floor of the external auditory canal to the umbo. In addition, imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance of the parotid area may be helpful in confirming the diagnosis.

Duplication of the External Auditory Canal: Two Cases and a Review of the Literature

“…According to Triglia et al physical examination of the external auditory canal allowed discovery of a fistula in 44% of the patients, while an asymptomatic membranous attachment between the floor of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane was found in 10% of the cases [7]. Such myringeal webs are significant diagnostically, not only because they are easily discovered but also because their presence can be pathognomonic of type II first branchial cleft lesions [9]. Ultimately, thorough knowledge of the anatomy and embryology of the area combined with a high degree of clinical suspicion appear to be the key factors of an early and accurate diagnosis.…”

Congenital Unilateral Agenesis of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Sialosis of the contralateral parotid gland was found in one case; the diagnosis was confirmed by an open biopsy of the parotid gland [9]. One case showed ipsilateral agenesis of the parotid gland in association with first branchial cleft cysts [12]. Another two patients suffered from lateral facial cleft associated with accessory mandible [7, 24].…”

Intraoperative use of fibrin glue dyed with methylene blue in surgery for branchial cleft anomalies

“…In the case of a fistula with a cutaneous external opening, this orifice is always present at birth . The skin orifice of fistulae of the first branchial groove is located in the so‐called Poncet's triangle, a region bound between the external auditory canal, the mental region, and the hyoid bone . Furthermore, during normal embryologic growth, the most lateral part of the second, third, and fourth ectodermal grooves merge into the cervical sinus, and later on, this sinus will atrophy as well as the grooves themselves.…”

“…2 The skin orifice of fistulae of the first branchial groove is located in the so-called Poncet's triangle, a region bound between the external auditory canal, the mental region, and the hyoid bone. 4 Furthermore, during normal embryologic growth, the most lateral part of the second, third, and fourth ectodermal grooves merge into the cervical sinus, and later on, this sinus will atrophy as well as the grooves themselves. In cases of persistence of the second, third, or fourth groove, or of the cervical sinus, an orifice can be identified along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.…”