Clinical, Virologic, and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Dengue Outbreak, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2014

Vairo, Francesco; Mboera, Leonard E. G.; Nardo, Pasquale De; Oriyo, Ndekya M.; Meschi, Silvia; Rumisha, Susan F.; Colavita, Francesca; Mhina, Athanas; Carletti, Fabrizio; Mwakapeje, Elibariki; Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria; Castilletti, Concetta; Di, Antonino; Nicastri, Emanuele; Malecela, Mwelecele N.; Ippolito, Giuseppe

doi:10.3201/eid2205.151462

Cited by 44 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Two patients of DHF were encountered in our study; both had platelet count between 20000 to 1 lakh/µL. This means although thrombocytopenia was common in dengue case but severity does not correlate with platelet count, this observation is similar to and the one made by Sharma et al 10 In our study no mortality was found.…”

Section: As Seen Fromsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…It was observed from Table 3 As Table 4 showed that out of 48 cases, 20(41.67%) cases were NS1 positive, 10 (20.83%) cases were IgM positive, 02 (4.17%) cases were both NS1 and IgM positive and 15(31.25%) cases were dengue ELISA positive. 9,10 Males were affected more than females, this may due to males are more exposed to mosquitoes in outdoor activity. 83.33% of patients had less than 5 days stay in hospital and 8 (16.67%) have more than 5 days length of stay in hospital.…”

Section: As Seen Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever: a retrospective study

Solanke¹,

Pohekar²,

Pohekar³

2019

Int J Adv Med

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Background: The global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent decade. Half of world’s population is now at risk. India represents significantly a larger burden, accounting for nearly 34% of the global burden of dengue infection. Dengue infection needs to be addressed as a single disease with different clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic conditions to severe clinical courses that may lead to high morbidity and mortality.Method: This was retrospective observational study carried out during period of July 2017 to April 2018, to study clinical profile and laboratory parameters in dengue fever patients. Confirmed dengue cases having NS1 positive or IgM positive or having both NS1 and IgM positive or dengue ELISA reactive, having minimum one CBC reports done and not having other confounding factor such as co-infection, bone marrow diseases etc. that may altered clinical and laboratory results are included in study. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software version 18.0.Results: Out of 48 confirmed dengue cases maximum patients 58.33% was from young age group (21 to 40 years) with M:F ratio was 2.43:1. Fever was found in 100% patients, in order of frequency followed by headache, bodyache, abdominal pain, weakness, retro-orbital pain, anorexia, dry cough, back pain, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, rash, joint pain, itching and malena.NS1was positive in 41.67% cases, dengue ELISA in 31.25%, IgM was positive in 20.83% cases, and both NS1 and IgM positive were in 4.17% cases. TLC count was low 35.42%, high in 12.50% of cases and remaining had normal TLC count. Platelet count was ranged between normal platelet counts to thrombocytopenia. One case had platelet count less than 20000. Out of 48 patients, 2 (4.17%) had malena.Conclusion: In this study, fever was found in all patients, and headache, body ache and weakness were common symptoms, but significant number of patients also had gastroentstinal and respiratory symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and dry cough. TLC count ranging from normal TLC, leukopenia to leucocytosis. Large number of patients had low platelet count that shows dengue fever had varied clinical presentation.

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Section: As Seen Fromsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: As Seen Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever: a retrospective study

Solanke¹,

Pohekar²,

Pohekar³

2019

Int J Adv Med

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“…Tanzania has experienced outbreaks due to DENV and RVFV for five years consecutively, from 2010-2015 [19-21]. Previous studies have reported the presence of antibodies to RVFV in different parts of Tanzania during the IEP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence of exposure to Rift Valley, Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses among agropastoral communities in Manyara and Morogoro regions in Tanzania: A community Survey

Budodo

Horumpende

Mkumbaye³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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25Introduction: Tanzania has recently experienced outbreaks of dengue in two coastal regions of 26 Dar es Salaam and Tanga. Chikungunya and Rift Valley Fever outbreaks have also been recorded 27 in the past decade. Little is known on the burden of the arboviral disease causing viruses (Dengue, 28 Rift Valley and Chikungunya) endemically in the inter-epidemic periods. We aimed at determining 29 the prevalence of the dengue, rift valley and chikungunya among humans in two geo ecologically 30 distinct sites. 31 Methodology: The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Magugu in Manyara 32 region and Mvomero in Morogoro region in Tanzania. Venous blood was collected from 33 participants of all age groups, serum prepared from samples and subjected to ELISA tests for 34 RVFV IgG/IgM, DENV IgG/IgM, and CHIKV IgM/IgG. Samples that were positive for IgM ELISA tests 35 were subjected to a quantitative RT PCR for each virus. A structured questionnaire was used to 36 collect socio-demographic information. Data analysis was conducted using SPSSv22. 37 Results: A total of 191 individuals from both sites participated in the study. Only one CHIKV was 38 detected in Magugu site but none of the 69 participants from Magugu site was seropositive or 39 positive for RVFV and DENV. Of the 122 individuals from Wami-Dakawa site, 16.39% (n=20) had 40 recent exposure to RVFV while 9.83% (n=12) were recently infected by Chikungunya virus. All 41 samples were negative by RVFV and CHIKV qPCR. Neither Infection nor exposure to DENV was 42 observed in participants from Wami-Dakawa. Risk factors associated with RVFV and DCHIKV 43 seropositivity were being more than 5 in a household, having no formal education and having 44 recently travelled to an urban area. 3 45 Conclusion: We report an active circulation of RVFV and CHIKV in humans in Wami-Dakawa, in 46 Mvomero district of Morogoro region during dry season, a higher rate of exposure to RVFV 47 compared to CHIKV and an absence of circulating RVFV, DENV and CHIKV in humans in Magugu 48 site in Manyara region. 49 50 Author Summary 53 Dengue, Chikungunya, rift valley and other viruses constitute an important group of etiologies of 54 fever in Tanzania. In the past decade, Tanzania has experienced DENV and RVFV at different 55 times. While RVFV outbreaks have occurred cyclically in approximately ten-year periods in 56 Tanzania, DENV outbreaks have been more frequent since 2010. CHIKV infection is an important 57 but largely unrecognized illness in Tanzania. In this study, we aimed to generate baseline data on 58 the exposure and infection status of DENV, RVFV and CHIKV by detecting antibodies to the viruses 59 and detecting the viruses in human subjects in two geo-ecological distinct sites. Neither infection 60 nor exposure to the viruses were in observed in Magugu site in Manyara region, northern 61 Tanzania. There was a significant exposure to RVFV (16.39%) and CHIKV (9.83%) in Wami-Dakawa 62 but not to DENV in either site. None of the viruses was detected by PCR in any ...

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“…6 The same genotype was also present in 2014 during a DENV outbreak in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 12 In conclusion, the ongoing surveillance shows that, still 2 years after the first reports of the outbreak, DENV-2 of the genotype Cosmopolitan is circulating, and DENV-2 has thus become endemic in northern Mozambique. Further spread to other regions in Mozambique are probable, demanding urgent implementation of public health interventions to control the disease.…”

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confidence: 92%

Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Established in Northern Mozambique (2015–2016)

Oludele

Lesko

Gundane

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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After the report of an outbreak of dengue virus serotype 2 in 2014 in Nampula and Pemba cities, northern Mozambique, a surveillance system was established by the National Institute of Health. A study was performed during 2015-2016 to monitor the trend of the outbreak and confirm the circulating serotype of dengue virus (DENV). After the inclusion of consenting patients who met the case definition, samples from 192 patients were tested for the presence of nonstructural protein 1 antigen, and 60/192 (31%) samples were positive. Further analysis included DENV IgM antibodies, with 39 (20%) IgM positive cases. Reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR was performed for identification of the prevailing DENV serotype; 21/23 tested samples were DENV-2 positive, with DENV-2 present in both affected cities. When sequencing DENV, phenotype Cosmopolitan was identified. The surveillance indicates ongoing spread of DENV-2 in northern Mozambique 2 years after the first report of the outbreak.

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Clinical, Virologic, and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Dengue Outbreak, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2014

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever: a retrospective study

Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever: a retrospective study

Serological evidence of exposure to Rift Valley, Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses among agropastoral communities in Manyara and Morogoro regions in Tanzania: A community Survey

Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Established in Northern Mozambique (2015–2016)

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