Clinically silent rabies infection in (zoo) bats

Rønsholt, L.; Sørensen, K. J.; Bruschke, Christianne; Wellenberg, G.J.; Oirschot, J.T. van; Johnstone, P.; Whitby, J. E.; Bourhy, Hervé

doi:10.1136/vr.142.19.519

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This bat had the poorest body condition. The absence of Negri bodies and the moderate percentage of nerve cells affected found in the bat, captured while fl ying, suggest a subclinical process, as has been proposed for EBLV1 in Rousettus aegyptiacus (6,14). We cannot predict whether severe encephalitis was about to develop in these bats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Furthermore, high seroprevalence and presence of viral RNA in the oral cavity and bloodstream of different lyssavirus species have been reported in healthy bats captured in natural colonies in which the numbers of deaths have not increased (3)(4)(5), showing direct evidence of subclinical or asymptomatic disease after viral infection. Even viral RNA and antigens have been detected in the brains of healthy captive bats (6). However, reports of experimental lyssavirus transmission have drawn discrepant conclusions (7-9).…”

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confidence: 94%

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Endemic Circulation of European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 in Serotine Bats, Spain

Vázquez-Morón

Juste

Ibáñez

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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To determine the presence of European bat lyssavirus type 1 in southern Spain, we studied 19 colonies of serotine bats ( Eptesicus isabellinus), its main reservoir, during 1998–2003. Viral genome and antibodies were detected in healthy bats, which suggests subclinical infection. The different temporal patterns of circulation found in each colony indicate independent endemic circulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Endemic Circulation of European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 in Serotine Bats, Spain

Vázquez-Morón

Juste

Ibáñez

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…In 1997, EBL1a was detected in flying foxes (Rousettus aegyptiacus) after their export from a Dutch zoo to a Danish zoo [33]. This was the first report of an EBL1a detection in frugivorous zoo bats (R. aegyptiacus).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Presence of European bat lyssavirus RNAs in apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats

Wellenberg¹,

Audry

Rønsholt³

et al. 2002

Archives of Virology

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Apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats were randomly chosen from a Dutch colony naturally infected with European bat lyssavirus subgenotype 1a (EBL1a). These bats were euthanised three months after the first evidence of an EBL1a infection in the colony. EBL1a genomic and antigenomic RNAs of the nucleoprotein gene were detected by nested reverse transcriptase PCR in 75% of the examined Rousettus aegyptiacus bats. The EBL1a RNAs of the nucleoprotein gene were detected mainly in brain tissues, but also in other organs. EBL1a messenger RNAs of the nucleoprotein gene and the glycoprotein gene were detected in brain tissues. The standard fluorescent antibody test revealed the presence of lyssavirus antigens in brain tissues from 7 (17.5%) Rousettus aegyptiacus bats. Furthermore, EBL1a could not be detected by virus isolation on murine neuroblastoma cells or by intracerebral inoculation of suckling mice. Neutralising antibodies directed against EBL1 were detected in 11% of the examined bats. This study shows that at least 85% of the apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats must have been infected with EBL1a, and that these bats may survive from an EBL1a infection. Furthermore, the study supports the possibility of a long-term maintenance of EBL1a genome in Rousettus aegyptiacus bats.

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“…Sporadic reports suggest the existence of a 'carrier state' of rabies among asymptomatic free-ranging bats (Pawan, 1936a, b;Sulkin, 1962;Rønsholt et al, 1998;Echevarría et al, 2001;SerraCobo et al, 2002;Wellenberg et al, 2002;Aquilar-Sétien et al, 2005). Conversely, however, a 'carrier state' was not demonstrated in experimentally infected insectivorous bats (Kuzmin & Rupprecht, 2007).…”

Section: *Only Histological Examination Was Performed (No Pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of North American big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) to infection with European bat lyssavirus type 1

Franka

Johnson

Müller

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of insectivorous bats (using the big brown bat as a model) to infection with European bat lyssavirus type 1a , to assess the dynamics of host immune responses and to evaluate the opportunity for horizontal viral transmission within colonies. Two isolates of EBLV-1a, originating from Slovakia (EBLV-1aSK) and Germany (EBLV-1aGE), were tested. According to EUROBATS, an organization dedicated to the conservation of European bat populations, 45 species of bat are geographically distributed throughout Europe (Eurobats, 2004). So far, EBLV-1 has been found predominantly in specific association with the serotine

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Clinically silent rabies infection in (zoo) bats

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

Endemic Circulation of European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 in Serotine Bats, Spain

Endemic Circulation of European Bat Lyssavirus Type 1 in Serotine Bats, Spain

Presence of European bat lyssavirus RNAs in apparently healthy Rousettus aegyptiacus bats

Susceptibility of North American big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) to infection with European bat lyssavirus type 1

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