Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale For Children and Adolescents

Nader, Kathleen; Kriegler, Kathleen A.; Blake, Dudley David; Pynoos, RS; Newman, Emily; Weathers, Frank W.

doi:10.1037/t08962-000

Cited by 168 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…The family was asked for participation, if a child met the following inclusion criteria: 1) medical in-or outpatient treatment due to an road traffic accident; 2) age between 7 and 16 years; 3) fluency in German; 4) no severe head injury [score above 10 on the Glasgow Coma Scale (Teasdale & Jennett, 1974) (Bryant & Harvey, 2002;Bryant, Salmon, Sinclair, & Davidson, 2007) if criteria for one of the symptom clusters were not fulfilled. Previous studies have confirmed the reliability and validity of these instruments (Nader et al, 2002;Steil & Füchsel, 2005). Symptom severity was assessed by ASD / PTSD total scores (sum of frequency and intensity ratings) which showed excellent internal consistencies ( = .88 to .95 at the different assessments).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Posttraumatic nightmares and psychopathology in children after road traffic accidents

Wittmann

Zehnder

Schredl

et al. 2010

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Tables: 504 Total: 5'799 2 Abstract Posttraumatic nightmares are considered as a re-experiencing symptom of the DSM-IV posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. Different types of posttraumatic nightmares, however, may differ in their relation to psychopathology. Thirty-two children were longitudinally assessed ten days, two, and six months after traffic accidents. Occurrence and characteristics of nightmares were examined and their relation to psychopathology assessed.Thirty-four percent of children reported posttraumatic nightmares during at least one assessment. Exact replicative nightmares at baseline assessment predicted PTSD symptoms two and six months postaccident, but not depressive symptoms. Exact replicative nightmares revealed the strongest cross-sectional association with trauma-specific psychopathology but not with depression. We conclude that posttraumatic nightmares -especially exact replicative ones -may be closely related to psychopathological mechanisms of posttraumatic stress in children. 3Survivors of potentially traumatic events such as accidents, disasters or acts of violence often suffer from psychopathological sequelae. In particular, symptoms of acute or posttraumatic stress disorder (ASD / PTSD; American Psychicatric Association (APA), 1994), such as re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoiding traumatic stimuli, and hyperarousal are frequently reported (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995).Frequent complaints of individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress are nightmares.Usually, nightmares are defined as frightening dreams from which the dreamer awakes (e.g., . Several representative studies have reported nightmare incidences of 50-70% in adults suffering from PTSD (Kilpatrick, et al., 1998;Leskin, Woodward, Young, & Sheikh, 2002;Neylan, et al., 1998) results. One large scale study including Kurdish children indicated that trauma exposure was related to more realistic dreams lacking in bizarreness and symbolism (Punamäki, Ali, Ismahil, & Nuutinen, 2005). However, a detailed examination of the worst dreams experienced by 13 teenage girls following severe sexual abuse showed a different picture (Garfield, 1987). In this sample, dreams contained no explicit replications but only symbolic references to the traumatic experiences.Several theories propose that posttraumatic nightmares are related to the central pathological mechanism of posttraumatic stress disorder (Kramer, Schoen, & Kinney, 1984;Schreuder, 1995;Stickgold, 2002). For instance, Stickgold (2002) In the first assessment (10 days after the accident) the number of nightmares (introduced as "frightening dreams") since the accident was examined. At the assessments two and six months postaccident, nightmare frequency since the accident was assessed through the nightmare frequency scale of the CAPS item B2. This scale ranges from 0 = never and 1 = 1-2 times a month to 4 = almost every day. In order to keep the nightmare interview as simple as possible, it was not asked how many of the frightening dreams we...

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Posttraumatic nightmares and psychopathology in children after road traffic accidents

Wittmann

Zehnder

Schredl

et al. 2010

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…The scores are not used for statistical analysis. The semi-structured interviews used in this study are the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA; Lindauer, 2014; Nader et al, 1996) and the PTSD module of the Diagnostic Infant and Preschool Assessment (DIPA). The CAPS-CA is administered to children aged 8–15.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in children and adolescents with subthreshold PTSD after medically related trauma: design of a randomized controlled trial

Meentken

Beynum

Aendekerk

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Three in every 10 children and adolescents admitted to a hospital or undergoing medical treatment develop subthreshold symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). When untreated, subthreshold PTSD can have a serious impact on psychosocial functioning, quality of life and long-term psychopathology. However, research investigating subthreshold PTSD and its treatment following paediatric medical interventions and/or hospitalization is scarce. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a fast and non-invasive psychosocial treatment for posttraumatic stress complaints. However, the effectiveness of EMDR in paediatric patients with subthreshold PTSD has not previously been systematically investigated.Objective: Describing the design of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) set up to evaluate the effectiveness of EMDR in children with subthreshold PTSD after hospitalization.Method: Children aged 4–15 years who have undergone a one-time (trauma type I) or repeated (trauma type II) hospitalization up to five years ago will be included. Participating children will be first screened with a standardized questionnaire for PTSD-symptoms. Subsequently, children with subthreshold PTSD will be randomly assigned to (1) approximately six sessions of standardized EMDR or (2) care as usual (CAU). Children with full diagnostic PTSD do not participate in the RCT, but are referred for direct treatment. Follow-up measurements will take place after eight weeks and eight months.Discussion: Considering the scarce evidence for the effectiveness of EMDR in children with medically related trauma, clinicans, researchers and children treated in hospitals can benefit from this study. Potential strengths and limitations of this study are discussed.Trial Registration: Netherlands Trial Register NTR5801

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“…En outre, afi n de diminuer les risques de stigmatisation pouvant être vécue après la passation d'un questionnaire, Cashmore (2006) recommande d'implanter une procé-dure formelle de suivi afi n de détecter toute forme d'inconfort et de malaise, voire de détresse, induit par la révélation de situations traumatisantes. (Nader et al, 1996) pour évaluer l'état de stress post-traumatique et l' Adolescent Dissociative Experience Scale (Armstrong et al, 1997) pour identifi er les symptômes de dissociation. La première est une entrevue semi-structurée visant les enfants de huit ans et plus qui permet d'établir une impression diagnostique d'état de stress post-traumatique, alors que la seconde est un questionnaire auto-rapporté qui évalue les formes normatives et pathologiques de dissociation.…”

Section: éValuation Des éVénements Traumatiquesunclassified

Adolescents en centre de réadaptation : évaluation du trauma

Collin‐Vézina

Milne

2014

crimino

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Considérant que les jeunes placés en centre de réadaptation ont souvent vécu des événements traumatiques multiples et que les services spécialisés en trauma ne sont pas systématiquement implantés en protection de la jeunesse, il serait souhaitable qu’une évaluation standardisée des événements et des séquelles traumatiques soit mise en place auprès de cette clientèle à risque. L’objectif de cet article est d’offrir une synthèse des outils psychométriques pour évaluer le trauma chez les jeunes, et ce, dans le but de rendre plus accessible cette information nécessaire au développement d’un programme solide et cohésif de santé mentale axé sur le traumatisme en protection de la jeunesse. Sur la base d’une démarche systématique, 13 outils qui visent les événements et les symptômes traumatiques ont été sélectionnés, la plupart étant des questionnaires que les jeunes remplissent et des entrevues dirigées. Les considérations pratiques et méthodologiques de ces outils sont présentées. L’implantation d’une évaluation systématique des traumas pour les enfants et les jeunes en centre de réadaptation pourrait servir de tremplin à la mise sur pied de services spécialisés pour cette clientèle dont les besoins sont criants. Les interventions les plus prometteuses sont discutées.Considering that youth placed in rehabilitation centres have often experienced multiple traumatic events, and that specialized trauma-focused services are not routinely implemented in child protection services, a standardized assessment of traumatic events and symptoms should be put in place for this at-risk clientele. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of psychometric measurement tools used to assess trauma in youth. This information is necessary in order to facilitate the development of a solid and cohesive mental health program that is focused on trauma in youth protection. Based on a systematic screening, 13 tools designed to collect information regarding traumatic events and symptoms were selected, most of which are youth self-reports. Practical and methodological considerations of these tools are presented. The implementation of a standardized assessment of trauma for children and youth in rehabilitation centres could serve as a catalyst for the development of specialized services for this particularly vulnerable and high needs clientele. The most promising trauma-focused interventions are discussed.Teniendo en cuenta que los jóvenes internados en centros de readaptación vivieron frecuentemente eventos traumáticos múltiples, y que los servicios especializados en el trauma no están implantados sistemáticamente en la protección de la minoridad, seria deseable que se estableciera una evaluación estandarizada de los eventos y de las secuelas traumáticas de la clientela en riesgo. El objetivo del presente artículo es ofrecer una síntesis de los instrumentos psicométricos para evaluar el trauma en los jóvenes, y esto, con el objetivo de volver más accesible dicha información, necesaria para desarrollo de un programa sólido y cohesivo de ...

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Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale For Children and Adolescents

Cited by 168 publications

References 0 publications

Posttraumatic nightmares and psychopathology in children after road traffic accidents

Posttraumatic nightmares and psychopathology in children after road traffic accidents

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in children and adolescents with subthreshold PTSD after medically related trauma: design of a randomized controlled trial

Adolescents en centre de réadaptation : évaluation du trauma

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