Clinicians didn't reliably distinguish between different causes of cardiac death using case histories

Mant, Jonathan; Wilson, Sue; Parry, Jonathan; Bridge, P; Wilson, Richard; Murdoch, W. R.; Quirke, Terry; Davies, M K; Gammage, Michael D.; Harrison, Rebecca; Warfield, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.11.021

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For diseases with high case fatality rates (for example, ALS and some cancers), mortality provides a reasonably complete and accurate indication of disease incidence. However, diagnostic information inferred from death certificates may be inaccurate for other outcomes, such as Alzheimer disease, cardiovascular disease and suicide 41 100. In addition, cases may go undetected or, if identified, may be inaccurately reported.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future needs of occupational epidemiology of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields: review and recommendations

Kheifets¹,

Bowman

Checkoway

et al. 2008

Occup Environ Med

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The occupational epidemiological literature on extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF) and health encompasses a large number of studies of varying design and quality that have addressed many health outcomes, including various cancers, cardiovascular disease, depression and suicide, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). At a 2006 workshop we reviewed studies of occupational EMF exposure with an emphasis on methodological weaknesses, and proposed analytical ways to address some of these. We also developed research priorities that we hope will address remaining uncertainties. Broadly speaking, extensive epidemiological research conducted during the past 20 years on occupational EMF exposure does not indicate strong or consistent associations with cancer or any other health outcomes. Inconsistent results for many of the outcomes may be attributable to numerous shortcomings in the studies, most notably in exposure assessment. There is, however, no obvious correlation between exposure assessment quality and observed associations. Nevertheless, for future research, the highest priorities emerge in both the areas of exposure assessment and investigation of ALS. To better assess exposure, we call for the development of a more complete job-exposure matrix that combines job title, work environment and task, and an index of exposure to electric fields, magnetic fields, spark discharge, contact current, and other chemical and physical agents. For ALS, we propose an international collaborative study capable of illuminating a reported association with electrical occupations by disentangling the potential roles of electric shocks, magnetic fields and bias. Such a study will potentially lead to evidence-based measures to protect public health.

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Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future needs of occupational epidemiology of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields: review and recommendations

Kheifets¹,

Bowman

Checkoway

et al. 2008

Occup Environ Med

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“…For example, many CoDs had small case numbers, thereby requiring caution when drawing conclusions from absolute numbers. Additionally, previous research has found that the CoD information coded on death certificates lacks reliability when identifying the true underlying CoD [26,27]. Assuming non-differential misclassification of codes between the GP and the TSCI population, for the present study, relative estimates of mortality would likely be attenuated towards the null, so over-or under-estimation of mortality differ- Ref.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Comparison of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality of Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries to the General Swiss Population: Results from a National Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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Background: Traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI) are a neurological condition associated with reduced well-being, increased morbidity and reductions in life expectancy. Estimates of all-cause and cause-specific mortality can aid in identifying targets for prevention and management of contributors for premature mortality. Objectives: To compare all-cause and cause-specific rates of mortality to that of the Swiss general population; to identify differentials in risk of cause-specific mortality according to lesion characteristics. Methods: All-cause and cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated using data from the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury cohort study. Cause-specific subhazard ratios were estimated within a competing risk framework using flexible parametric survival models. Results: Between 1990 and 2011, 2,492 persons sustained a TSCI, of which 379 died. Persons with TSCI had a mortality rate more than 2 times higher than that of the Swiss general population (SMR 2.32; 95% CI 2.10–2.56). Tetraplegic lesions were associated with an increased risk of mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, infections, and accidents. Cause-specific SMRs were notably elevated for SCI-related conditions such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and septicemia. Conclusions: Elevated SMRs due to cardiovascular disease, UTIs and septicemia-related mortality suggest the need for innovation when managing associated secondary health conditions.

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“…Second, we ascertained causes of recipient death without using an adjudication committee, and our findings must be interpreted cautiously. As others have shown, cause of death is difficult to assess reliably without the use of an adjudication committee [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the BODE index in patients with α₁-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD

et al. 2014

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The BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea and exercise capacity) index is used to decide on referral and transplantation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The BODE index has not been validated in patients with a 1 -antitrypsin deficiency, who account for 15% of COPD patients undergoing lung transplantation. We sought to validate the BODE index in a 1 -antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD.We assessed the prognostic value of the BODE index in 191 patients followed from 2006 to 2012 in a French prospective cohort of patients with a 1 -antitrypsin deficiency.20 patients died during follow-up and 22 underwent lung transplantation. Survival (95% CI) was 93.0% (91.7-94.3%) at 3 years and 76.0% (72.9-79.1%) at 5 years. The 3-year survival was 97.4% (96.6-98.2%), 98.0% (96.7-99.3%), 87.7% (84.5-90.9%) and 75.3% (66.0-84.6%) for patients with BODE index 0-2, 3-4, 5-6 and 7-10, respectively. Survival discrimination of the BODE index was better than with both forced expiratory volume in 1 s and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease classification. Regarding calibration, expected survival by BODE index was noticeably lower than observed survival.The BODE index showed very good survival discrimination in patients with a 1 -antitrypsin deficiencyrelated COPD. Larger studies are needed to support its use to drive patient referral for lung transplantation. @ERSpublications Larger studies are needed to support the use of the BODE index to drive patient referral for lung transplantation

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Clinicians didn't reliably distinguish between different causes of cardiac death using case histories

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Future needs of occupational epidemiology of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields: review and recommendations

Future needs of occupational epidemiology of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields: review and recommendations

Comparison of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality of Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries to the General Swiss Population: Results from a National Cohort Study

Performance of the BODE index in patients with α₁-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD

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Clinicians didn't reliably distinguish between different causes of cardiac death using case histories

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Future needs of occupational epidemiology of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields: review and recommendations

Future needs of occupational epidemiology of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields: review and recommendations

Comparison of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality of Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries to the General Swiss Population: Results from a National Cohort Study

Performance of the BODE index in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD

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Product

Resources

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Performance of the BODE index in patients with α₁-antitrypsin deficiency-related COPD