Clinicians’ Selection Criteria for Video Visits in Outpatient Care: Qualitative Study

Abstract

BackgroundVideo visits with patients were introduced into outpatient care at a hospital in Sweden. New behaviors and tasks emerged due to changes in roles, work processes, and responsibilities. This study investigates the effects of the digital transformation—in this case, how video visits in outpatient care change work processes and introduce new tasks—to further improve the concept of video visits. The overarching goal was to increase the value of these visits, with a focus on the value of conducting the treatment for the patient.ObjectiveThrough the real-time, social interactional features of preparing for and conducting video visits with patients with obesity, this study examines which patients the clinicians considered suitable for video visits and why. The aim was to identify the criteria used by clinicians when selecting patients for video visits to understand what criteria the clinicians used as the grounds for their selection.MethodsQualitative methods were used, including 13 observations of video visits at 2 different clinics and 14 follow-up interviews with clinicians. Transcripts of interviews and field notes were thematically analyzed, discussed, and synthesized into themes.ResultsFrom the interviews, 20 different arguments for selecting a specific patient for video visits were identified. Analyzing interviews and field notes also revealed unexpressed arguments that played a part in the selection process. The unexpressed arguments, as well as the implicit reasons, for why a patient was given the option of video visits can be understood as the selection criteria for helping clinicians in their decision about whether to offer video visits or not. The criteria identified in the collected data were divided into 3 themes: practicalities, patient ability, and meeting content.ConclusionsNot all patients with obesity undergoing treatment programs should be offered video visits. Patients’ new responsibilities could influence the content of the meeting and the progress of the treatment program. The selection criteria developed and used by the clinicians could be a tool for finding a balance between what the patient wants and what the clinician thinks the patient can manage and achieving good results in the treatment program. The criteria could also reduce the number and severity of disturbances and limitations during the meeting and could be used to communicate the requirements they represent to the patient. Some of the criteria are based on facts, whereas others are subjective. A method for how and when to involve the patient in the selection process is recommended as it may strengthen the patient’s sense of responsibility and the relationship with the clinician.

Remote Home Visit: Exploring the feasibility, acceptability and potential benefits of using digital technology to undertake occupational therapy home assessments

“…Work to explore remote video consultation has been undertaken in non-occupational therapy fields, for example patients with obesity (Sturesson and Groth, 2018); specialised palliative care needs (Funderskov et al., 2019) and diabetes (Greenhalgh et al., 2018). In addition, remote video consultation has been used to include relatives and carers in the ward-round process (Østervang et al., 2019).…”

“…Sturesson and Groth (2018) wanted to understand when and in what circumstances remote technology would be feasible to use with certain patients with obesity. By introducing technological solutions for outpatient care, the researchers evaluated the concept of ‘video visits’ and explained why some patients were more suited to this approach than others (Sturesson and Groth, 2018). They suggest decisions to use video technology were influenced by practicalities, the patient’s ability and the content of the outpatient meeting (Sturesson and Groth, 2018).…”

“…A broader body of knowledge suggests remote visit consultations are an emerging service delivery model within the NHS with potential for improved efficiency and patient experiences (Greenhalgh et al., 2018; Østervang et al., 2019; Sturesson and Groth, 2018). This project explores the potential of using such technologies in occupational therapy practice.…”

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“…The skill level to conduct telehealth care across all health care practice settings requires optimization to improve efficient access to timely care. 62 , 63 Clinical pharmacy specialists have a unique opportunity to deliver clinical services, leveraging telehealth technologies to advance communication with their patients and health care team members. By using e-Detailing as a method of both familiarizing and normalizing the health care team with video telehealth technology, pharmacists are uniquely poised to deliver consultation and direct-care services.…”