Clinico-pathological study of sinonasal masses at a tertiary care hospital of southern Bihar

Abstract

Background: This study focuses on sino-nasal masses (SNMs) and their presentation with their radiological findings and corroboration with initial diagnosis and histopathological examination (HPE). Methods: A prospective study conducted in total 62 patients with SNMs presenting between the period (September 2020 to October 2022) in medical college, southern Bihar. Patients were subjected to detailed history and battery of tests with all necessary investigations. Final diagnosis was concluded after HPE. Results: Age distribution ranged from 10 to 64 years with mean age of 34.2 and M: F ratio of 1.14:1. Demography suggested predisposition in low socioeconomic strata (N=36; 58.06%). Majority fell in category of farmers (N=16; 25.8%) followed by housewives, laborers. Majority presented within a time frame of 1-2 years of onset of symptoms/appearance of the lesion (N=25;40.3%) followed by 6 months to 1-year. Most common presenting symptom was nasal obstruction (N=59;95.16%), followed by nasal discharge (n= 49, 79.03%). HPE concluded 45 samples (72.58%) as non-neoplastic, 15 samples (24.19%) as benign neoplastic (96.7%) and 2 as malignant neoplastic lesions (3.22%). In 58 out of 62 patients (93.54%) the clinical diagnosis was corroborated with HPE diagnosis. Conclusions: Nasal polyps, the most common benign lesions and SCCs, the most common malignant lesion of SNT. Malignant lesions common in elderlies should be differentiated from non-malignant lesions. Due to similar presentation of diversified aetiology, a clinical and radiological evaluation is of prime for initial management. HPE remains the gold standard for final diagnosis and definitive management.