Clinicopathologic analysis of ocular adnexal lymphomas: Extranodal marginal zone b‐cell lymphoma constitutes the vast majority of ocular lymphomas among Koreans and affects younger patients

Cho, Eun Yoon; Han, Jae Joon; Ree, H. J.; Ko, Young Hyeh; Kang, Yoon‐Koo; Ahn, Hyo Sook; Ahn, Seung Do; Park, Chan Jeoung; Huh, Jooryung

doi:10.1002/ajh.10332

Cited by 128 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Most are primary tumours and are usually NHL of B-cell type: the most common primary lymphoma subtype occurring in the ocular adnexa is the low-grade malignant extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL), accounting for approximately two thirds of all ocular adnexal lymphomas. [5][6][7][8][9] Interestingly, the EMZL is also the most common primary lymphoma occurring in the choroid. 3 In the following review, the molecular pathologies of only DLBCL and EMZL will be discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular pathology of lymphoma

Coupland

2012

Eye

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Ocular lymphomas can be divided into intraocular lymphomas and ocular adnexal lymphomas. The vitreoretinal lymphomausually a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of high-grade malignancy-is the most common lymphoid malignancy arising in the eye, while the extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL), an indolent often recurrent tumour, occurs most frequently in the ocular adnexal tissue. The two lymphoma subtypes differ significantly in their clinical presentation, subsequent course and outcome as well as in their underlying morphological, immunophenotypical and genetic features. The molecular processes involved in DLBCL and EMZL development are complex, and include chromosomal translocations, mutations caused by aberrant somatic hypermutation, sporadic somatic mutations, and copy number alterations, characterized by deletions and amplifications. These lead to alterations in particular signalling pathways, which in turn activate transcription factors, such as nuclear factor NF-kB. This review provides an overview of the histological features of DLBCL and EMZL, and discusses the current insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these tumours, when they occur systemically and particularly when they arise in ocular tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular pathology of lymphoma

Coupland

2012

Eye

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“…OAMLs constitute 35-80% of all malignant OALs and represent a higher proportion of primary OALs in Asian countries such as Korea [1][2][3]. An important clinical characteristic of OAML in the Korean population is younger age at initial presentation [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The median total RT dose was 30.6 Gy (range, 25.2-45), and conventional fractionation with a daily dose of 1.8-2.0 Gy was used. The other 12 patients received combination chemotherapy as an initial treatment (n 5 2, R-CHOP; n 5 2, R-CVP; and n 5 8, CVP [1][2][3][4][5]. Treatment cycles were repeated every 3 weeks in an outpatient clinic.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among OALs, the most common subtype by World Health Organization (WHO) classification is marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). Several studies have shown that the relative incidence of ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma (OAML) varies among different populations [3]. The proportion of OAML among primary OALs is higher in Korea (86-98%) than in Western countries (50-78%) [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of the TNM‐based staging system of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)

et al. 2011

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The American Joint Committee on Cancer has proposed the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system to overcome the limitations of the Ann Arbor staging system for ocular adnexal lymphoma. We performed this study to evaluate the feasibility of the TNM staging system for ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (OAML). The data form 66 total eyes from 54 patients with biopsy‐confirmed OAML according to World Health Organization classification were retrospectively analyzed. Using the TNM staging system, we reclassified all patients into two categories: (1) T1N0M0 stage group (n = 26), for patients with lymphoma involving only the conjunctiva; and (2) above T1N0M0 or bT1N0M0 stage group (n = 28), for patients with lymphoma extending to the orbit, eyelid, or adjacent structures, and/or bilateral OAML. After a 24‐month median follow‐up period for all patients, the T1N0M0 group revealed higher progression‐free survival (PFS) than the above T1N0M0 or the bT1N0M0 group (P = 0.041). In a separate analysis of only 50 patients categorized as Ann Arbor stage IE, the T1N0M0 group demonstrated higher PFS (100%) than the above T1N0M0 or the bT1N0M0 group (84.7%; P = 0.067). Our data show that the poor prognostic group classified as Ann Arbor stage IE can be further distinguished by using the TNM staging system. Thus, further studies to develop treatment strategies for reducing relapse after treatment for OAML should use the TNM staging system. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…In Western countries marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT-type accounts 50% -78% of all OAL, while in Japan and Korea the frequency rate is much higher especially in younger patients [16].…”

Section: Epidemiologic Clinical and Cytogenetic Features Of Oalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Chlamydia in the Development of Ocular Adnexal Lymphoma

Contini¹,

Seraceni²,

Maritati³

et al. 2013

JCT

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The aetiology of OAL is undefined, although much attention has been recently focused on determining whether OAL is caused by an autoimmune disorder, chronic antigenic stimulation or both. It is becoming evident that infectious agents underlying chronic eye infection, as Chlamydia, may play a role in ocular lymphomagenesis. The high prevalence of Chlamydophila psittaci in patients with OAL has suggested a potential oncogenic role for its tendency to cause chronic and persistent infections, although it has been documented an evident geographical variability and response to antibiotic treatment. For C. pneumoniae, the findings so far obtained are very limited not only for identification in OAL but also for the specific treatment with antibiotics. The recent molecular and cultural evidence of C. trachomatis in patients with OAL, seems to suggest that also this pathogen may contribute to pathogenesis of such lymphoma. The potential application of bacteria-eradicating therapy at local and systemic level may ultimately result in safer and more efficient therapeutic option for patients affected by these malignancies. Moreover, a close collaboration between experts in ophthalmology, infectious diseases and hematology will help, in the future, to effectively manage this disease. This review attempts to weigh the currently available evidence regarding the role that Chlamydia play in development of OAL and focuses on patients with OAL observed at our Institution.

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Clinicopathologic analysis of ocular adnexal lymphomas: Extranodal marginal zone b‐cell lymphoma constitutes the vast majority of ocular lymphomas among Koreans and affects younger patients

Abstract: The majority of ocular adnexal lymphomas (OAL) are primary marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (MALT lymphomas)

Cited by 128 publications

References 52 publications

Molecular pathology of lymphoma

Molecular pathology of lymphoma

Feasibility of the TNM‐based staging system of ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)

Role of Chlamydia in the Development of Ocular Adnexal Lymphoma

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