Clinicopathologic aspects of oral leukoplakia in smokers and nonsmokers

Diniz‐Freitas, Márcio; Carrión, Andrés Blanco; Vila, Pilar Gándara; Antúnez-López, José Ramón; García‐García, Abel; Rey, José Manuel Gándara

doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.12.009

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The current study also revealed that 66% of our patients did not show obvious features of epithelial dysplasia, which is similar to previous studies (20,24). In addition, mild dysplasia was detected in 23% of smoking patients, while no dysplasia was associated with smokeless tobacco habits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Their study concluded that, while tobacco and alcohol synergistically influence the development of oral epithelial dysplasia, exclusive tobacco consumption is more likely than exclusive alcohol consumption to give rise to OED. In another research study, the authors observed a dysplastic lesion in only 5% of the smoker group patients while in never-smoker group, dysplastic lesions were observed in 38% of patients (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Assessment of Clinical Risk Factors of Oral Leukoplakia in UP Population of India: An Institutional Study

2014

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Leukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant lesion of the oral mucosa. Studies on the risk factors of oral leukoplakia (OL) are relatively scarce. The present study was planned to assess the clinical risk factors of OL in our institution, which represents a sample of the Western UP population, based on the clinical status of OL patients spanning a period of eight years. The clinical and pathological data (age, sex, lesion location and presence/ absence of dysplasia) were analyzed in these patients. Possible relationships between habitual tobacco use and lesion location were explored. The data obtained showed that habitual bidi smoking was prevalent among elderly males, while buccal mucosa was the most affected site by this lesion. Applying the Z-test for double sample proportions, a significant difference was observed for the buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, tongue and habitual smoking (1% level of significance, p<0.01) between the two age groups. A significant difference was observed between habitual tobacco use and various degrees of dysplasia (Fisherʼs exact test=0.00008, p<0.05). The present study underlines the role of habitual tobacco use in the etiology of OL in the Western UP population of India. Rigorous anti-smoking measures need to be taken in this region in order to prevent transformation into oral cancer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Assessment of Clinical Risk Factors of Oral Leukoplakia in UP Population of India: An Institutional Study

2014

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“…In the present study, a high frequency of dysplastic lesions was found on the floor of the mouth and in the buccal mucosa for the smoking group and on the tongue for the non-smoking group. Although these sites were also frequently observed in other studies comparing OL clinical data in smokers and non-smokers, 11,14,15 no odds ratio indicating a strong association between OL and these locations was observed, except for on the tongue in non-smokers. These results were similar to those obtained by Freitas et al, 15 but different from those of Schepman et al, 14 who found statistically significant differences in the smoker-versus-non-smoker odds ratio for the floor of the mouth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…This distribution of ages was similar to that described in other reports. 11,14,15 However, the Asian population presents a different age distribution for OL. In a Chinese survey that did not record the tobacco habits of patients, OL was considered a disease of the elderly, being present mostly in 60-to 69-year-old patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a Chinese survey that did not record the tobacco habits of patients, OL was considered a disease of the elderly, being present mostly in 60-to 69-year-old patients. 10 It is difficult to establish an at-risk age for OL development, mainly due to the multiple independent factors that are associated with age and OL, such as chewing betel quid 10,15 and whether the patient has type 2 diabetes. 16,17 In our sample, patients 61 years old and above were mainly non-smoking women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral leukoplakia manifests differently in smokers and non-smokers

et al. 2012

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Oral leukoplakias (OL) are potentially malignant lesions that are typically white in color. Smoking is considered a risk factor for developing OL, and dysplastic lesions are more prone to malignant transformation. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features observed in dysplastic and non-dysplastic OL in both smokers and nonsmokers. A total of 315 cases of OL were retrieved and separated into either dysplastic or non-dysplastic lesions, and these cases were further categorized as originating in either smokers or non-smokers. Frequencies of the type of OL lesion, with respect to whether the patients smoked, were established. The results demonstrated that 131 cases of OL were dysplastic (74 smokers and 57 non-smokers), and 184 were non-dysplastic (96 smokers and 88 non-smokers). For OL cases in smokers for which information about alcohol consumption was also available (84 cases), the results revealed no significant difference in the amount of dysplastic and non-dysplastic lesions. Dysplastic lesions were more frequent in male smokers and in non-smoking females. The median age of smokers with cases of OL was significantly lower than in non-smokers; the lowest median ages were observed for female smokers with dysplastic OL. The most frequent anatomical sites of dysplastic lesions were the floor of the mouth in smokers and the tongue in non-smokers. Dysplastic lesions in smokers were significantly smaller than non-dysplastic lesions in non-smokers. Being a male smoker, being female, being younger, and having smaller lesions were associated with dysplastic features in OL. These clinical data may be important for predicting OL malignant transformation.

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