Clinicopathologic, Gross Necropsy, and Histopathologic Effects of High-Dose, Repeated Meloxicam Administration in Rhode Island Red Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Houck, Emma L.; Petritz, Olivia A.; Chen, Laura R; Fletcher, O. J.; Thomson, Andrea; Flammer, Keven

doi:10.1647/20-00070

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Swan et al [20] also a rmed that vulture exposures to diclofenac resulted in kidney damage, elevated levels of uric acid, visceral gout, and death. The histotoxicity seen in the current study on different organs is similar to previous reports in different years [2,4,[25][26][27][28]. All histopathological reports in vultures [2,13,20,29] suffering from diclofenac poisoning reveal the presence of urates tophi [30] and same results were observed in the black kites (Milvus migrans) during the present assessment of toxicity of Diclofenac.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Toxicity of different doses of Diclofenac in Black Kites

Farooq

Khan

2023

Preprint

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The present experimental work was conducted to assess the toxicopathological effects of three different doses of diclofenac sodium in black kites (Milvus migrans) because now there are more opportunities for other animals and raptors including black kites to feed due to population collapse of vulture throughout Asia. It is vital to assess the toxicity of diclofenac sodium in other raptors like black kites. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether diclofenac sodium is similarly hazardous to black kites as described in vultures. For this study 08 black kites (Milvus migrans) were randomly divided into four groups. The black kites in the control group (n = 02) were not treated with diclofenac sodium and birds in the first (n = 02), second (n = 02) and third (n = 02) groups were administered diclofenac sodium at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg live body weight of bird/day, respectively, every day for 10 days. The diclofenac sodium-treated black kites displayed clinical manifestations like anorexia, lethargy, depression, shrunken eyes, reduced feed and water intake, in contrast to the clinically healthy appearing birds in the control group. The mortality was 100% in second and third groups. No mortality was seen in control group and treated group first. The control group did not show any lesions of gout but black kites of treated groups showed swelling, congestion, hemorrhage, necrosis, leukocytic infiltration and deposition of white chalky urates on the surface of liver, kidney and heart.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Toxicity of different doses of Diclofenac in Black Kites

Farooq

Khan

2023

Preprint

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Backyard Poultry, Gamebirds, and Waterfowl

Crespo¹,

Petritz²

2023

Carpenter's Exotic Animal Formulary

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Determining the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Two Different Doses of Meloxicam in Barred Owls (Strix varia)

Lex,

Russell,

Mayer

et al. 2024

Animals

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Anthropogenic activities have negatively affected many birds, including owls. The Wildlife Hospital of Louisiana (WHL) has seen a 3.2-fold increase in barred owl (Strix varia) cases over the past eight years (2023, 134; 2015, 42). Because most of these animals present with traumatic injuries, analgesics should be considered in their treatment plan. To date, no study has measured the pharmacokinetics of an analgesic in barred owls. The goals of this study were to determine the harmonic means, times to maximum concentration, and elimination half-lives for single 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg intramuscular doses of meloxicam. Twelve barred owls (1 mg/kg, n = 6; 2 mg/kg, n = 6) admitted to the WHL and determined to be clinically normal based on examination and blood work were recruited for this study. Meloxicam was administered intramuscularly, and blood samples were collected intermittently over 12 h to measure plasma concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography. Both doses had rapid elimination half-lives (1 mg/kg, 0.99 ± 0.1 h; 2 mg/kg, 1.07 ± 0.43 h) and were below the limits of quantification (0.1 µg/mL) by 6–12 h. Based on these results, 1 and 2 mg/kg doses of meloxicam were found to produce plasma concentrations below therapeutic concentrations for less than four hours, making current twice-daily recommended dosing intervals unlikely to provide desired analgesia.

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Clinicopathologic, Gross Necropsy, and Histopathologic Effects of High-Dose, Repeated Meloxicam Administration in Rhode Island Red Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Toxicity of different doses of Diclofenac in Black Kites

Toxicity of different doses of Diclofenac in Black Kites

Backyard Poultry, Gamebirds, and Waterfowl

Determining the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Two Different Doses of Meloxicam in Barred Owls (Strix varia)

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