Clinicopathologic, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic effects of short-term oral administration of anti-inflammatory doses of prednisolone to systemically normal cats

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinicopathologic, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic effects of short-term administration of anti-inflammatory dosages of prednisolone to systemically normal cats. ANIMALS 10 cats with allergic dermatitis and 10 healthy control cats. PROCEDURES Cats with allergic dermatitis were randomly allocated to 2 groups and received 2 dosages of prednisolone (1 and 2 mg/kg/d, PO, for 7 days) in a crossover design followed by 9-day tapering and 14-day washout periods. Each prednisolone-treated cat was matched to a healthy control cat on the basis of sex, neuter status, age (± 1 year), and body weight (± 10%). Control cats received no treatment during the 35-day observation period. Clinicopathologic, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic variables were measured at baseline (day 0) and predetermined times during and after prednisolone administration and compared within and between the 2 treatment groups. RESULTS Prednisolone-treated cats had expected clinicopathologic alterations (mild increases in neutrophil and monocyte counts and serum concentrations of albumin, cholesterol, and triglycerides) but systolic arterial blood pressure; blood glucose, serum potassium, and cardiac biomarker concentrations; urinary sodium excretion; and echocardiographic variables did not differ significantly from baseline at any time. Statistically significant, albeit clinically irrelevant, increases in blood glucose and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations were observed between baseline and the prednisolone pharmacokinetic steady state (7 days after initiation) only when the 2-mg/kg dosage was administered. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated short-term oral administration of anti-inflammatory dosages of prednisolone did not cause relevant hemodynamic, echocardiographic, or diabetogenic effects in systemically normal cats with allergic dermatitis.

Proof‐of‐concept study: Evaluation of plasma and urinary electrolytes as markers of response to L‐asparaginase therapy in dogs with high‐grade lymphoma

“…Even though prednisolone's half‐life is 1.1 hours in dogs, a potential impact on blood and urine parameters is possible. A recent study did not find a significant difference in potassium and phosphorus after 14 days of prednisolone therapy at 1 mg/kg/d 16 …”

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)

“…Studies in cats have demonstrated that short courses of highdose glucocorticoid therapy can result in hyperglycemia, glucosuria, reduced glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and increased fructosamine levels. [9][10][11][12] However, these effects are usually minimal, usually resolve once glucocorticoid therapy is discontinued, and have questionable clinical significance. [9][10][11][12] Multiple case reports describe the development of DM in dogs receiving glucocorticoid therapy, and the DM was not always transient.…”

“…[9][10][11][12] However, these effects are usually minimal, usually resolve once glucocorticoid therapy is discontinued, and have questionable clinical significance. [9][10][11][12] Multiple case reports describe the development of DM in dogs receiving glucocorticoid therapy, and the DM was not always transient. [13][14][15] It has been shown that glucocorticoids may induce DM in humans.…”

“…There have been no studies evaluating the development of permanent DM in animals receiving long‐term glucocorticoid therapy. Studies in cats have demonstrated that short courses of high‐dose glucocorticoid therapy can result in hyperglycemia, glucosuria, reduced glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and increased fructosamine levels 9‐12 . However, these effects are usually minimal, usually resolve once glucocorticoid therapy is discontinued, and have questionable clinical significance 9‐12 .…”

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“…Glucocorticoids are used in dogs as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect but they have serious side effect with long administration period (Khelik et al, 2019).…”