Clinicopathological and Molecular Findings of Differentiated-Type Minute Gastric Intramucosal Neoplasia

Abstract

Background/Aims: To evaluate gastric early differentiatetype carcinogenesis, we attempted to identify clinicopathological and biological differences in differentiated-type minute intramucosal neoplasia (MIMN), which was defined as a tumor with a diameter of < 5 mm. Methods: We examined clinicopathological findings and biological factors, including TP53 overexpression, mucin phenotype, Ki-67-positive rate, MLH1, intranuclear accumulation of β-catenin, and DNA methylation status (low methylation epigenotype [LME], intermediate methylation epigenotype, and high methylation epigenotype [HME]) in MIMNs. In addition, non-MIMNs were also analyzed. In the present study, MIMN and non-MIMN were also examined based on low-grade dysplasia, highgrade dysplasia, and intramucosal cancer (IMC). Results: In clinicopathological findings, there were significant differences in sex ratios and tumor locations between MIMNs and non-MIMNs. Among the examined biological factors, no significant differences in the frequencies of biological factors were observed between the 2 intramucosal neoplasia types. However, the frequency of intranuclear accumulation of β-catenin was higher in non-MIMNs than in MIMNs. Finally, although the frequency of HME was significantly lower in MIMNs than in non-MIMNs, the opposite was observed for LME. Conclusions: The current finding suggested that DNA methylation and accumulation of β-catenin were closely associated with tumor development from MIMN to non-MIMN.

Studies in Cancer Epigenetics through a Sex and Gendered Lens: A Comprehensive Scoping Review

“…However, controls were not used for the sex/gender-based analysis portion of their study, and they did not control for covariates. Another study by Uesugi et al, which examined high methylation epigenotype (HME) in minute intramucosal neoplasia (MIMN), found a sex distribution difference between MIMN and non-MIMN, where the relative ratio of men to women was significantly higher in MIMN than in non-MIMN cancers (men/women in MIMN > men/women in non-MIMN; p = 0.0074) [23]. However, like many other studies, covariates were not accounted for in their sex analysis and as such it likewise cannot be confirmed whether a sex effect does indeed exist for females.…”