Clinicopathological Features, Risk Factors and Predispositions, and Response to Treatment of Eosinophilic Oral Disease in 24 Dogs (2000-2016)

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to retrospectively describe clinicopathological features of eosinophilic oral disease in dogs, to identify possible risk factors or predispositions to the condition, and to report overall treatment response. Canine medical records from a veterinary teaching hospital and private referral practice over a 17-year period were reviewed for a diagnosis of eosinophilic oral disease. Twenty-four dogs with 26 lesions met the inclusion criteria. Patient mean age and body weight were 6.8 (3.8) years and 13.4 kg, respectively. Fifteen breeds were represented including Cavalier King Charles spaniel (16.7%), Labrador retriever (12.5%), and West Highland white terrier (12.5%). Eosinophilic lesions were found in the palate (65.4%), tongue (26.9%), and other oral locations (7.7%). Median follow-up time was 5 months. Analysis revealed statistically significant associations between lesion location and body weight (palatal and tongue lesions were more likely in smaller dogs, whereas lesions in the other category [lip or mucosa] were more likely in larger dogs). There was a correlation in lesion location and resolution (all dogs with palatal lesions became asymptomatic at their last recheck), and resolution and the use of antibiotics plus prednisone (greater likelihood of resolution without the use of this combination). Seventy percent of asymptomatic dogs resolved without medication or with allergen therapy alone, suggesting that asymptomatic dogs may respond well to conservative management. No associations were found between lesion location and breed, signalment and response to therapy, lesion resolution and the use of glucocorticoids, or significance of peripheral eosinophilia.

Lesions of the oral cavity of dogs: 720 cases

“…Infectious agents were not found in any of the 32 cases of granulomatous stomatitis, but in 20 dogs (2.7% of the total, 6.9% of non-neoplastic lesions), there was an infiltration of eosinophils, indicating that it was a canine eosinophilic granuloma, a disease little described in dogs (Bredal et al 1996, German et al 2002, Mendelsohn et al 2019. Other authors also indicate a low frequency of this lesion in the oral cavity of dogs, with 4.7% (Svendenius & Warfvinge 2010), 6% (Mikiewicz et al 2019) and 14.3% (Bonfanti et al 2015).…”

Canine oral lesions: a decision-tree approach to ulcers, leukoplakia, and pigmented lesions

“…6 Contributions from the pathology literature include descriptions of oral cavity tumors and tumor-like lesions, 8 canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis, 9 and eosinophilic oral disease. 10 These articles will provide an important adjunct to the current evaluation of canine mucosal lesions.…”