2013
DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302533
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Clinicopathological review of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Malawi

Abstract: A clinicopathological study of OSSN has not previously been performed in Malawi. The association of HIV with SCC corresponds to previous reports from sub-Saharan Africa. A new finding in our study is a relationship between larger tumour size and invasive lesions confirmed by histopathology. When integrated into a clinical decision-making model, tumour area provides a simple clinical measure for ophthalmic practitioners to use in order to differentiate higher risk OSSN from more benign pathology. The higher ris… Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(32 citation statements)
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“…31 The existence of an infectious risk factor for OSSC is unknown, but some studies have suggested an association with cutaneous types of HPV. 32,33 Although data are limited, there is some evidence that among PLHIV in LMICs lung cancer risk is increased. 34 The reasons for this increase are not clear but may include smoking (which is concerning because LMICs, particularly in Africa, have been targets for aggressive marketing by the tobacco industry), inflammation from chronic infection, or environmental pollution.…”
Section: Evolutionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…31 The existence of an infectious risk factor for OSSC is unknown, but some studies have suggested an association with cutaneous types of HPV. 32,33 Although data are limited, there is some evidence that among PLHIV in LMICs lung cancer risk is increased. 34 The reasons for this increase are not clear but may include smoking (which is concerning because LMICs, particularly in Africa, have been targets for aggressive marketing by the tobacco industry), inflammation from chronic infection, or environmental pollution.…”
Section: Evolutionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There have also been suggestions of a possible association between OSSN and atopic keratoconjunctivitis [23,32,[37][38][39]. A larger tumour size might be predictive of invasive SCC or risk of recurrence [40,41].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) OSSN is more common than in other global regions (1.38 and 1.18 cases/100000/year in males and females respectively in Africa vs 0.18 and 0.08 cases/100,000/year in males and females respectively worldwide). It is also more aggressive in SSA, predominantly affects people living with HIV (PLWH), and occurs with similar frequency in men and women [1, 2]. A study from Kenya found that people with no formal education were at higher risk of OSSN and presented with larger tumours than more educated individuals [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%