“…2 A). Based on the marker genes expressed by different cells (CSCs (TFF3 31 , AGR2 32 , KRT8 33 , KRT18 34 , 35 ), cancer cells (EPCAM 36 , PIGR 37 , CEACAM5 38 ), CD4 + T cells (IL7R 39 , SARAF 40 , LTB 41 ), CD8 + T cells (CCL5 42 , RORA 43 , GZMA 44 ), fibroblasts (COL1A1 45 , COL3A1 45 , DCN 46 ), B cells (CD79A 47 , MS4A1 48 , CD37 49 ), macrophages (C1QA 50 , LYZ 51 , CD68 52 ), mast cells (KIT 53 , CPA3 54 , TPSAB1 55 ), plasma cells (JCHAIN 42 , MZB1 42 ), neutrophils (S100A8 56 , S100A9 57 , CXCL8 58 ), mesenchymal stem cells (STMN1 59 , PTTG1 60 , HMGB2 61 ), endothelial cells (PLVAP 62 , VWF 63 , PECAM1 64 ), smooth muscle cells (TAGLN 65 , RGS5 66 , ACTA2 67 ), we identified 13 cell types in the CRC samples (Fig. 2 B), with the expression of their marker genes as shown in Fig.…”