Clinicopathological Study of Congenital Anomalies in Urogenital Tract in Infants and Children

Abstract

Background: Congenital abnormalities and malformations are more frequent in the urinary tract than in any other system of the body. The present study was conducted to evaluate incidence of congenital anomalies in urogenital tract in infants and children. Subjects and Methods:The present study was conducted on 55 cases age ranged 6 months to 8 years of congenital anomalies of urogenital tract which were admitted in department of Pediatric surgery ward of Kamla Nehru hospital, Bhopal during 1 year period. Type of anamoly was also recorded. In all patients, thorough clinical examination was performed. USG was done in all cases to confirm the cases. Results: Out of 1500 pediatric admissions, 56 (3.6%) had anomalies in urinary tract. In males, maximum lesions were hyposposdias seen in 13 followed by VUR & PUV in 12 patients and phimosis in 6 and 1 case of diphallia was found. In females, maximum lesions were congenital hydronephnosis, pelvic kidney, horse shoe kidney, ectopic ureter and ectopia vesicae seen in 1 patient each. Increased frequency of micturition was seen in 16, urine through ureter opening was seen in 12, dribbling of urine in 15 and suprapubic swelling was observed in 8 cases. USG revealed congenital hydronephnosis in 2, PUJ obstruction in 2, pelvic kidney in 2, ectopia vesicae in 2, ureterocele in 2. Conclusion: Authors found that maximum cases were of Hyposposdias followed by VUR & PUV and phimosis.