Clinicopathological study of lymph‐node metastasis in 1389 patients with early gastric cancer: Assessment of indications for endoscopic resection

Abstract

This large series of patients with EGC provides further evidence supporting the expansion of indications for endoscopic treatment, as well as warns against potential risks.

The risk of lymph node metastases in 3951 surgically resected mucosal gastric cancers: implications for endoscopic resection

“…13 Therefore, a thorough, large-scale analytical study was needed to have more definitive evidence of the metastatic rate. There has been no study larger than the current study to clarify the risk factors for LNM in MGC, and although several studies have been reported for mucosal EGC [14][15][16] (Table 4), they were not consecutive or the extent of LND was not described. 3 Second, the identification of LNM was closely related with the number of harvested lymph nodes.…”

The Demographic Characteristics of Histological Types of Gastric Cancer with Gender, Age, and Tumor Location

“…Nowadays, the extent of gastrectomy and lymph node dissection in gastric cancer were controversial, and some new operative methods, such as laparoscopic gastrectomy, endoscopic resection [12], which have minimal or no lymph nodes dissection, were introduced. The histological type should be an important factor when doctor select an optimal extent of gastrectomy and lymph node dissection.…”

Incidence of lymphatic involvement in differentiated-type intramucosal gastric cancers as examined by endoscopic resection

“…A number of studies reported the incidence of lymphatic involvement in intramucosal cancers and cancers that involved submucosal invasion altogether. Other reports showed lymph node metastasis in patients who had intramucosal gastric cancer [3,4,13,14,24]. Some authors suggested that lymphatic involvement was a risk factor for lymph node metastasis, but these studies evaluated lymphatic involvement irrespective of other risk factors, such as histological types (differentiated vs. undifferentiated), presence/absence of ulcer or tumor size.…”

“…In intramucosal cancers, lymph node metastasis was reported to be much less frequent, ranging from 1.9-3.3 %, compared to those in submucosal cancers, about 16.3-20.9 % [11][12][13][14][15]23]. A number of studies reported the incidence of lymphatic involvement in intramucosal cancers and cancers that involved submucosal invasion altogether.…”

“…The indications for ER for EGC were published by the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association [2]. A number of studies have revealed the incidence of lymph node metastasis in the materials resected by operations, and risk factors for lymph node metastasis have been investigated [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In these studies, risk factors for lymph node metastasis were defined as tumor size, histological type, ulcerative findings, depth of tumor invasion and lymphovascular invasion.…”