Cliqued Up

Abstract

This study examines the interrelationship between gang affiliation and commitment for a gang-related homicide on the postincarceration recidivism of a sample of 1,804 serious and violent delinquents released from a large southern juvenile correctional system. Controlling for a battery of preincarceration youth characteristics, delinquent background, and social history measures, this research revealed that gang murderers—gang-affiliated offenders committed for a gang-related homicide—were more likely to experience any rearrest and any felony rearrest postrelease than those not considered gang murderers. General homicide offenders without gang affiliations were also more likely to experience felony rearrest postrelease. Being considered a gang murderer or a general homicide offender, however, was not related to the frequency of postrelease rearrests. Analyses also revealed consistent support for the effect of gang affiliation on all measures of postrelease recidivism, regardless of incarceration offense. Implications for research and practice are explored.

Juvenile homicide offenders: A 35‐year‐follow‐up study

“…The finding that JHO participants in this study who served less time (8.5 years or less) were more likely to reoffend than those who served longer sentences (15 years or more) makes sense and is consistent with previous research Trulson et al, 2016). Scientific advances have indicated that the adolescent brain does not mature until individuals are about 25 years old (Garbarino, 2018).…”

“…Several significant predictors of recidivism were identified after five years, including relationships with delinquent friends, number of previous offenses, age at first arrest, and age at homicide. Trulson et al (2012) examined the interrelationship between gang affiliation and commitment for a gang-related murder on the recidivism of 1804 male serious and violent delinquents confined in a southern correctional facility.…”

“…Being a homicide offender without a gang affiliation or gang-related commitment offense increased the odds of a felony rearrest by 72.10%. Being a gang affiliate also increased the odds of felony rearrest by 28.50% (Trulson et al, 2012). Caudill and Trulson (2016) followed up on 221 JHOs (offender sex not specified) committed to juvenile facilities under Texas' blended sentencing structure and released after they had served the juvenile part of their sentences.…”

“…In a larger study, Trulson et al (2016) investigated the five-year recidivism rates of 1400 male and female juveniles released from the Texas Youth Commission (TYC). Approximately 58% of the 238 juveniles who were committed to the TYC for homicide offenses were rearrested within five years.…”

Prospective Prediction of Juvenile Homicide/Attempted Homicide among Early-Onset Juvenile Offenders

“…Clinical case studies most likely overstate the role of mental health in juvenile homicide, lack of comparison groups prevents the ability to elucidate causes of homicide or whether risk factors of homicide differ from those of other offenses, and retrospective studies lend themselves to bias wherein the outcome (homicide offending) is known leading to incomplete or inaccurate recall of self-reported or parent-reported risks [8]. Some prior work has focused on subsequent recidivism among juveniles who have already committed homicide offenses (see References [10,11,12]). However, there is a notable dearth of research on the prospective prediction of a juvenile’s initial homicide arrest.…”