“…This resistance pattern resembled previous reports for veterinary isolates in other countries [14,24,25]. Moreover, the majority of the IncK-bla CMY-2 -positive ESC-resistant E. coli isolates (43/46, 93.5%) presented a multidrug-resistance profile, i.e., being resistant to at least three classes of antimicrobials, which is higher than the 84% observed in a Spanish study of ESC-resistant E. coli isolates from a laying hen farm [26]. The most common plasmid-mediated co-resistance, found in the present study, to sulfamethoxazole (93.5%, 43/46), tetracycline (84.8%, 39/46), gentamicin (71.7%, 33/46), and trimethoprim (19.6%, 9/46), suggests a concerning spread of resistance among the IncK-bla CMY-2 -positive ESC-resistant E. coli population, especially since tetracycline, penicillin, and sulfamethoxazole, in combination with trimethoprim, were reported to be the most commonly used antimicrobials for poultry farming in Denmark in 2016 [27].…”