Clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients and the hospital environment

Javidnia, Sara; Talebi, Malihe; Saifi, Mahnaz; Katouli, Mohammad; Lari, Abdolaziz Rastegar; Pourshafie, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2013.01.032

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The presence of some of the isolates, in all three farms (CT1, CT2 and CT4 -CT8), indicating widespread dissemination of these bacterial clones, which further supports the spread of such clonal types in lying farms tested. The predominant pulsotypes CT1 -CT3 and their dissemination in this study are consistent with previous results, indicating a wide distribution of specific clonal groups of MRSA in Tehran (10,36). In a previous study, we showed that community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains were completely different from HA-MRSA strains and belonged to different clones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characteristics of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Poultry in Iran

Rahimi

Karimi

2015

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Staphylococci are some of the most common causes of infections in birds. Worldwide, the dramatic increase in the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is receiving widespread attention, due to multi-resistant strains, diminishing the usefulness of antibiotics in human medicine and, thereby limiting therapeutic options. Objectives: In this study, we characterized the distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, isolated from lying hen farms in Karaj, Iran. The pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns and the staphylococcus cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types were also determined. Materials and Methods: Over a period of 90 days (collected at days: 0, 45, 90) during 2013, nine samplings, consisting of swab samples and litter collection, were done from three poultry farms (three each) and a total of 55 MRSA isolates were isolated from chromogenic MRSA selective agar. The clonality of MRSA strains was determined using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the diversity in the structure of SCCmec elements and also different ccr types was studied. Susceptibility to seventeen antibiotics was determined, using disc diffusion method, according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendation. Results: Out of the 55 MRSA strains, all isolates were at least resistant to penicillin, 58% showed resistance to erythromycin and 55% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. On the other hand, all isolates showed susceptibility to vancomycin, quinuprostin-dalfopristin, linezolid, fusidic acid, nitrofurantoin and minocycline. The results of PFGE showed diverse pulsotypes, consisting of 13 common types and 18 single types, with seven common PFGE types, which were found among the MRSA strains, isolated from different farms, suggestive of an epidemiological link. Moreover, 67% of MRSA isolates shared SCCmec type III and showed type 3 ccr, indicating the hospital origin of the strains. Conclusions:The results of this study illustrated the persistence of resistant bacteria in the environment, and highlight the reservoir of resistance, associated with use of antibiotics, as feed additive in poultry production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characteristics of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Poultry in Iran

Rahimi

Karimi

2015

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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“…The rate of MRSA in Iran varies in different cities (19 -90%) (1,7,10,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). The variation in different reports in Iran could be due in part to different populations, geographical locations and the quality of hospitals samplings which were carried out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients were hospitalized for at least 72 hours classified as inpatients. Strains were collected from wound (106), urine (83), trachea (45), blood (20), sputum (18) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (7).…”

Section: Samples Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Virulence Factors in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From a Referral Hospital in Tehran, Iran

Rahimi

Karimi

2016

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been known as one of the most important nosocomial pathogens that able to produce a variety of virulence factors. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to describe the prevalence, presence of different virulence factors, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) and prophage typing of MRSA strains isolated from a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 279 S. aureus strains were collected from a referral hospital in Tehran during August to December of 2013. All isolates were confirmed using species specific primers and were tested for susceptibility to oxacillin and cefoxitin disks by the recommendations of clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI). The staphylococcal enterotoxin (sea-seq) and pvl, hlb and sak genes were detected and typed using prophage typing and SCCmec typing methods. Results: Out of the 279 S. aureus isolates, 91 (32.6%) strains were confirmed as MRSA. Totally, 6 enterotoxin and 2 virulence factor genes were detected in MRSA strains. The sea, sek, seq and hlb genes were present in all MRSA and sak, seg, sei and sel were detected in 85%, 35%, 23% and 44% of the strains. Only SCCmec type III and type 3 ccr and 2 different prophage patterns were identified among the strains. Conclusions: Our results show the presence of clonal groups of enterotoxin-producing MRSA strains in this hospital in Tehran. The presence of bacteriophage encoded virulence factors and resistance to oxacillin enable bacteria to produce a broad spectrum range of diseases.

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“…We previously showed the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from clinical and hospital environment origins in Iran. 11 The present study has focused to identify the CoNS species, their frequencies and diversity in a comparative study, among hospitalized (HP) patients and outpatients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Inpatients and Outpatients

Talebi

Shafiee

Sadeghi

et al. 2016

Microbial Drug Resistance

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We investigated the prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) isolated from hospitalized patients and outpatients (OP). Out of 350 staphylococcal isolates collected from three hospitals, 190 were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). These isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests, detection of mecA, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing. Among the 190 isolated CoNS, Staphylococcus epidermidis (47.3%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (44.2%) were the most prevalent species. Other CoNS species that were isolated were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2.1%), Staphylococcus warneri (2.1%), Staphylococcus simulans (1.6%), Staphylococcus capitis (1.1%), Staphylococcus schleiferi (1.1%), and Staphylococcus hominis (0.5%). The rate of resistance to methicillin was 60% with 58 (50%) S. epidermidis and 55 (49%) S. haemolyticus. The rate of resistance to 13 antibiotics tested with the lowest and highest to chloramphenicol and penicillin, respectively. High clonal diversity with different PFGE patterns was obtained for methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus by 32 and 31 types, respectively. Our results indicated that the dissemination of MRCoNS is widespread in Tehran. The majority of these isolates showed distinct genotyping patterns. At the same time, the common patterns were found among the MRCoNS obtained from outpatient and inpatient isolates, suggestive of an epidemiological link.

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Clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients and the hospital environment

Abstract: These data suggest dissemination of a few dominant clonal groups of MRSA strains in hospitals in Tehran, with high level resistance to other commonly used antibiotics.

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Characteristics of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Poultry in Iran

Characteristics of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Poultry in Iran

Characteristics of Virulence Factors in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From a Referral Hospital in Tehran, Iran

Genotypic Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Inpatients and Outpatients

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