Clonal propagation and medium-term conservation of Capparis spinosa: A medicinal plant

Abstract

Successful in vitro multiplication of Capparis spinosa was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl amino purine (BAP) at 0.8 mg/L. The highest shoot length (35.6 mm) was obtained with the use of 0.4 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L 1-naphthaleneanacetic acid (NAA). Kinetin at 2.0 mg/L produced a multiplication rate of 9.7 microshoots per explants with an average shoot length of 21.3 mm. In vitro rooting was successfully achieved on MS media supplemented with different concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), indole acetic acid (IAA) or NAA at various concentrations. However, rooting did not occur in the absence of IBA, IAA or NAA. A total of 85% survival was achieved when rooted explants acclimatized ex vitro using a mixture of 1 perlite: 1 peat. In another experiment, in vitro C. spinosa were successfully stored without serious losses by using MS medium supplemented with an appropriate concentration of osmoticum (sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol or glucose) at various concentration (0, 3, 6, 9 or 12%). Two types of plant material were used (in vitro plantlets and in vitro plantlets without tips). The results obtained show that the two type of plant material could be successfully maintained in vitro and optimum treatments were identified for each plant material. Further studies are still needed on medium term conservation to enhance the survival percentages of different plant material type.

Efficient Protocol for the In Vitro Plantlet Production of Caper (Capparis orientalis Veill.) from the East Adriatic Coast

“…Still, it should be noted that conventional clonal propagation is associated with serious rooting problems [18]. Micropropagation has been suggested as a solution, and indeed, the capers of different species and different areas have so far been successfully micropropagated [5,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Ex situ preservation for some endemic and rare medicinal plants in Taif, KSA

“…Musallam et al [34] reported that multiple shoot production of C. spinosa was obtained at woody plant medium supplemented with 0.8 mg/L Kin, 0.05 mg/L IBA and 1.0 mg/L GA3. According to Al-Mahmood et al [35], maximum root formation (75%) was produced at 0.6 mg/L IBA, when charcoal was added to the medium at 0.5 g/L. Higher rooting responses (70%) were obtained after a 20-day incubation period in darkness on solid halfstrength MS fortified with 30 mmmol/LIAA.…”

“…Slow growth is a very simple method for germplasm conservation and has been reported in several studies [35,[44][45][46]. Divakaran et al [45] demonstrated that addition of mannitol (10-15 g/L) and reduction of sucrose to lower level (15-10 g/L) induced slow growth of Vanilla planifolia cultures and subsequently 80%-90% of the cultures could be maintained for a period of 360 days.…”

“…Chalak et al [44] successfully rooted shoots of C. spinosa but the survival rate of acclimatized plantlets was only 40%. According to Al-Mahmood et al [35], survival rate of 85% was achieved, when plantlets of C. spinosa were transferred for acclimatization under greenhouse conditions. Survival rates of acclimatized plants ranged (50%-94%) for different Lavandula species [37,38].…”

“…Divakaran et al [45] demonstrated that addition of mannitol (10-15 g/L) and reduction of sucrose to lower level (15-10 g/L) induced slow growth of Vanilla planifolia cultures and subsequently 80%-90% of the cultures could be maintained for a period of 360 days. Survival of C. spinosa plantlets was 100% after four months with 3% sorbitol, if stored in the light conditions, however survival and re-growth rates of plantlet decreased according to the increase of sorbitol concentration up to 12% [35]. Decreased shoot height of African violet (Saintpaulia ionantha wendl.)…”