“…Numerous gene cloning methods, including sticky-end cloning (Scharf et al, 1986), blunt-end cloning (Costa et al, 1994), TA cloning (Holton and Graham, 1991;Marchuk et al, 1991), ligation independent cloning (LIC) (Aslanidis and de Jong, 1990;Shuldiner et al, 1990;Hsiao, 1993;Yang et al, 1993;Kaluz and Flint, 1994;Tillett and Neilan, 1999), and site-specific recombination systems (Hartley et al, 2000), have been developed over the years. These cloning approaches are widely used and have proven to be highly efficacious in most instances; however, they present several limitations because of the extensive enzymatic treatment of the required PCR products or vectors.…”