Cloning and characterization of a sialic acid binding lectins (SABL) from Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum

The genome of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas brings new insights on the massive expansion of the C1q gene family in Bivalvia

“…Later, further evidence for a lectin-like role useful to pathogen recognition and clearance was reported in other bivalve species, including Argopecten irradians, Azumapecten farreri, Crassostrea hongkongensis, Crassostrea ariakensis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Solen grandis, Mytilus coruscus and Mytilus galloprovincialis (Allam et al, 2014;Gestal et al, 2010;He et al, 2011;Li et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2014a;Wang et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2008). The range of pathogen recognition molecular patterns (PAMPs) possibly recognized by the globular C1q domain in bivalves seems to be very broad and includes Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Rickettsialike organisms, fungi, protists and even metazoan parasites (Kong et al, 2010;McDowell et al, 2014;Morga et al, 2012;Perrigault et al, 2009;Prado-Alvarez et al, 2009;Taris et al, 2009).…”

“…Increased expression of C1qDC transcripts has been reported in mussel, scallop and clam hemocytes upon stimulation with Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and cell wall components (LPS, glucan and peptidoglycan) (Gerdol et al, 2011;Gestal et al, 2010;He et al, 2011;Li et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2014a;Wang et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2008). The up-regulation of C1qDC genes in oyster hemocytes has been implicated in the response to Rickettsia-like organisms (C. ariakensis) and to the protist Bonamia ostreae (Ostrea edulis) (Morga et al, 2012), but data concerning the response to bacteria are still completely missing.…”

“…C1qDC transcripts have been detected in bivalve hemocytes (Gestal et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2014a;Oliveri et al, 2014) and a C1qDC protein was reported as the most abundant component of the extrapallial fluid in Mytilus edulis (Hattan et al, 2001;Yin et al, 2005). Moreover, C1qDC sequences have been identified as highly expressed in the mantle (Liu et al, 2007), digestive gland (Kong et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2012) and multiple tissues (Li et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2012).…”

Cloning and transcriptional analysis of two sialic acid-binding lectins (SABLs) from razor clam Solen grandis

“…SABLs have been isolated or cloned from several invertebrates, for example, snail [7,23e28], slug [29], prawn [30], lobster [31,32] and horseshoe crabs [33,34], and most of them are proved to have sialic acid affinity. Especially the Limulin, a SABL from American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus, has been successfully commercially available as a cytochemical probe for detection, localization, and isolation of sialic acid in a variety of systems [35]. Like vertebrates Siglecs, interaction of invertebrates SABLs with sialic acid can also mediate the innate immune response, such as the bacterial agglutination and activation of phagocytes [35].…”

“…Especially the Limulin, a SABL from American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus, has been successfully commercially available as a cytochemical probe for detection, localization, and isolation of sialic acid in a variety of systems [35]. Like vertebrates Siglecs, interaction of invertebrates SABLs with sialic acid can also mediate the innate immune response, such as the bacterial agglutination and activation of phagocytes [35]. The SABL from Cepaea hortensis can agglutinate human erythrocytes, as well as interact with the group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) containing type-specific polysaccharides [26].…”