“…Therefore, it is necessary to carry out biomonitoring for heavy metal pollution in pollution on the basis of high accumulation of various heavy metals including Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Cr, Co and Ni (Ji et al, 2006). Thus R. philippinarum has been not only used for heavy metal pollution monitoring, but also widely employed as a suitable bioindicator in marine toxicology Liu et al, 2013;Matozzo et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2011;Wu and Wang, 2011a;Wu et al, 2011b;Zhao et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2012). For example, Matozzo et al (2004) reported the oxidative stresses of 4-nonylphenol in both gills and digestive gland of R. philippinarum and suggested that toxicology studies should be carried out at environmentally realistic concentrations of contaminants.…”