Cloning and expression analysis of recombination activating genes (RAG1/2) in red snapper (Lutjanus sanguineus)

Identification and expression analysis of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in humphead snapper Lutjanus sanguineus

“…Fish were euthanized with an overdose of MS‐222 before tissue collection, as reported previously by Zhang et al . ().…”

“…At 0, 6, 12, 24, 36 48, 60, 72 and 84 h after challenge experiment, tissue from the liver, head kidney, spleen, thymus, gut, muscle, gill, skin, heart, mid-kidney and brain were collected from the control and challenged groups. Fish were euthanized with an overdose of MS-222 before tissue collection, as reported previously by Zhang et al (2012).…”

Molecular cloning and characterization of lymphocyte cell kinase from humphead snapper (Lutjanus sanguineus)

“…No bacteria were detected from any of the examined tissues of the sampled fish. Fish were killed with an overdose of tricaine methanesulphonate (Sigma) before tissue collection as reported previously (Zhang et al 2012). The bacteria challenge experiment was performed by injecting 0.2 mL of V. harveyi (the value of LD 50 is 7.2 9 10 5 cfu g À1 ) resuspended in 100 mM PBS (pH 7.4) with the concentration of 5.0 9 10 7 cells mL À1 into the abdominal cavity of humphead snapper.…”

“…Total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed as described above. qRT-PCR was carried out in a Bio-Rad iQ5 Real-time PCR System (Bio-Rad) using the 29 TransStartTM Green qPCR Super-Mix (TransGen) as described previously (Zhang et al 2012). Melting curve analysis of amplification products was performed at the end of each qRT-PCR to confirm that only one qRT-PCR product was amplified and detected.…”

Identificação e expressão gênica das enzimas arginase 1, arginase 2, e citocinas pró-inflamatórias em <i>Pseudoplatystoma corruscans</i> e <i>Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum</i>, imunizados com <i>Ichthyophthirius multifiliis</i>

“…Estudos relacionados com TNFα de peixes, pesquisadores conseguiram identificar uma continua expressão deste gene em uma grande variedade de peixes como a truta arco-íris (O. mykiss) sendo observada alta expressão no rim anterior e nas brânquias, 4 h após a imunização com por LPS . Na carpa capim (Ctenopharyngodon idella) a expressão "in vitro" da TNFα utilizando culturas de células do rim anterior ocorreu 1 h, 3 h e 6 h após a serem infectadas com LPS (ZHANG et al, 2012). Na carpa comum (C. carpio L.) pode ser identificado um aumento gradativo da expressão da TNFα no sangue, atingindo seu maior nível as 48 h em peixes infectados com I. multifiliis BUCHMANN;NIELSEN, 2007).…”