Cloning and molecular characterization of the rat CB2 cannabinoid receptor

Brown, Sean M.; Wager‐Miller, James; Mackie, Ken

doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(02)00341-x

Cited by 161 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although the amino acid 63 site is well-conserved as arginine in rodents, chimpanzee and baboon, there is a common polymorphism in human CNR2 protein which has glutamine. 24,26 Amino acid 63 locates in the first intracellular site. GENETYX (http://www.sdc.co.jp/genetyx) computer analysis of the secondary structure of CNR2 protein predicted that the polymorphism causes a structural change, thus the polymorphism could alter the receptor function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptor in alcohol preference in mice and alcoholism in humans

et al. 2006

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We tested if cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) in the central nervous system plays a role in alcohol abuse/dependence in animal model and then examined an association between the CB2 gene polymorphism and alcoholism in human. Mice experiencing more alcohol preference by drinking showed reduced Cb2 gene expression, whereas mice with little preference showed no changes of it in ventral midbrain. Alcohol preference in conjunction with chronic mild stress were enhanced in mice treated with CB2 agonist JWH015 when subjected to chronic stress, whereas antagonist AM630 prevented development of alcohol preference. There is an association between the Q63R polymorphism of the CB2 gene and alcoholism in a Japanese population (P ¼ 0.007; odds ratio 1.25, 95% CI, (1.06-1.47)). CB2 under such environment is associated with the physiologic effects of alcohol and CB2 antagonists may have potential as therapies for alcoholism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptor in alcohol preference in mice and alcoholism in humans

et al. 2006

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“…CB1, but not CB2, is present also in the myocardium of adult rats (891). However, overall, the data in adult rats are conflicting as, while CB2 mRNA was not found in the myocardium in one study (102), another study reported that both mRNA and protein of both CB1 and CB2 are present in this tissue (911). The former receptor was observed in the arterial and capillary endothelial cells of the heart, and CB2 in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells of larger arteries (469).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 93%

From Phytocannabinoids to Cannabinoid Receptors and Endocannabinoids: Pleiotropic Physiological and Pathological Roles Through Complex Pharmacology

Ligresti¹,

Petrocellis²,

Marzo³

2016

Physiological Reviews

377

337

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Apart from having been used and misused for at least four millennia for, among others, recreational and medicinal purposes, the cannabis plant and its most peculiar chemical components, the plant cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids), have the merit to have led humanity to discover one of the most intriguing and pleiotropic endogenous signaling systems, the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This review article aims to describe and critically discuss, in the most comprehensive possible manner, the multifaceted aspects of 1) the pharmacology and potential impact on mammalian physiology of all major phytocannabinoids, and not only of the most famous one ⌬ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, and 2) the adaptive prohomeostatic physiological, or maladaptive pathological, roles of the ECS in mammalian cells, tissues, and organs. In doing so, we have respected the chronological order of the milestones of the millennial route from medicinal/recreational cannabis to the ECS and beyond, as it is now clear that some of the early steps in this long path, which were originally neglected, are becoming important again. The emerging picture is rather complex, but still supports the belief that more important discoveries on human physiology, and new therapies, might come in the future from new knowledge in this field.

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“…The human CB 2 receptor shares only 44% amino acid sequence identity with the human CB 1 . Later, the mouse (471) and rat (55,186) CB 2 genes were cloned. The mouse CB 2 is 13 amino acids shorter at the COOH terminal and has 82% amino acid sequence identity with the human CB 2 .…”

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid-Mediated Control of Synaptic Transmission

Kano¹,

Ohno‐Shosaku²,

Hashimotodani³

et al. 2009

Physiological Reviews

1,311

1,431

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The discovery of cannabinoid receptors and subsequent identification of their endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) in early 1990s have greatly accelerated research on cannabinoid actions in the brain. Then, the discovery in 2001 that endocannabinoids mediate retrograde synaptic signaling has opened up a new era for cannabinoid research and also established a new concept how diffusible messengers modulate synaptic efficacy and neural activity. The last 7 years have witnessed remarkable advances in our understanding of the endocannabinoid system. It is now well accepted that endocannabinoids are released from postsynaptic neurons, activate presynaptic cannabinoid CB1 receptors, and cause transient and long-lasting reduction of neurotransmitter release. In this review, we aim to integrate our current understanding of functions of the endocannabinoid system, especially focusing on the control of synaptic transmission in the brain. We summarize recent electrophysiological studies carried out on synapses of various brain regions and discuss how synaptic transmission is regulated by endocannabinoid signaling. Then we refer to recent anatomical studies on subcellular distribution of the molecules involved in endocannabinoid signaling and discuss how these signaling molecules are arranged around synapses. In addition, we make a brief overview of studies on cannabinoid receptors and their intracellular signaling, biochemical studies on endocannabinoid metabolism, and behavioral studies on the roles of the endocannabinoid system in various aspects of neural functions.

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Cloning and molecular characterization of the rat CB2 cannabinoid receptor

Cited by 161 publications

References 40 publications

Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptor in alcohol preference in mice and alcoholism in humans

Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptor in alcohol preference in mice and alcoholism in humans

From Phytocannabinoids to Cannabinoid Receptors and Endocannabinoids: Pleiotropic Physiological and Pathological Roles Through Complex Pharmacology

Endocannabinoid-Mediated Control of Synaptic Transmission

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