Cloning, expression analysis and molecular marker development of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene in common wheat

Chen, Can; Chang, Jingming; Wang, Sheng; Lu, Jie; Liu, Yi; Si, Hongqi; Sun, Genlou; Ma, Chunyan

doi:10.1007/s00709-021-01607-3

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase is mainly involved in the formation of lignin in plants but plays other roles in microorganisms [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. According to the results of in situ hybridization, the BxCAD-1 gene is highly expressed in the digestive tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enzyme exists in plants and participates in the final step of cell wall synthesis, containing a highly conserved NAD(P)H/NAD(P) + binding domain, which is also dependent on the activation of Zn 2+ [26,27]. Studies have shown that CAD is involved in lignin synthesis in Artemisia annua [28], Oryza sativa [29], Arabidopsis [30], Triticum aestivum [31] and Populus tomentosa [32]. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, CADs may be involved in fusel synthesis, lignin decomposition and NADP(H) dynamic balance [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Regulates Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Reproduction and Development

Dong,

Guo,

Deng

et al. 2023

Forests

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Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a globally distributed destructive disease of pine forest. To study the PWD pathogenic mechanism, the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene (BxCAD-1) from B. xylophilus was selected. The BxCAD-1 gene was amplified by PCR from the cDNA library of B. xylophilus and cloned into the expression vector pET-15b to construct the recombinant vector pET-15b-BxCAD-1. The recombinant cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) harboring pET-15b-BxCAD-1 induced by IPTG. The effects of pH, temperature, metal ions and substrates on the activity of BxCAD-1 were determined, showing the highest catalytic activity at pH 8.0 and 40 °C with cinnamyl alcohol as substrate and Zn2+ as an activator. To elucidate the functions of BxCAD-1 in B. xylophilus, the expression of the gene was down-regulated by RNA interference. Results showed that the movement, feeding, reproduction, spawning rate, hatching rate, lifespan, infectivity and sensitivity to ethanol decreased compared with negative controls. RNA interference also affected the development of B. xylophilus from the larval stage to the adult stage. In situ hybridization showed that the gene was expressed in the digestive tract of male and female adults. This study revealed a promising target for PWD control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Regulates Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Reproduction and Development

Dong,

Guo,

Deng

et al. 2023

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It is easy to operate, has a high degree of reproducibility and reliability, and can reveal genetic differences between offspring and parents that are not affected by gene expression, cultivation conditions or environmental conditions ( Wang et al, 2018 ; Daudi et al, 2021 ), and can show substantial polymorphism. SSR molecular markers are widely used in plant germplasm identification, genetic diversity, genetic linkage map construction, gene mapping and cloning, and in quantitative trait loci analysis (QTLs) ( Ren et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2021 ; Jiang et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). Genetic diversity analysis using SSR molecular markers has been widely used in forage crops such as white clover ( Trifolium repens L.), perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.), and alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) ( Bolaric et al, 2005 ; Haddoudi et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EST-SSR Primer Development and Genetic Structure Analysis of Psathyrostachys juncea Nevski

Lan

Gao

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Psathyrostachys juncea is a perennial forage grass which plays an important role in soil and water conservation and ecological maintenance in cold and dry areas of temperate regions. In P. juncea, a variety of biotic and abiotic stress related genes have been used in crop improvement, indicating its agronomic, economic, forage, and breeding value. To date, there have been few studies on the genetic structure of P. juncea. Here, the genetic diversity and population structure of P. juncea were analyzed by EST-SSR molecular markers to evaluate the genetic differentiation related to tillering traits in P. juncea germplasm resources. The results showed that 400 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were detected in 2,020 differentially expressed tillering related genes. A total of 344 scored bands were amplified using 103 primer pairs, out of which 308 (89.53%) were polymorphic. The Nei’s gene diversity of 480 individuals was between 0.092 and 0.449, and the genetic similarity coefficient was between 0.5008 and 0.9111, with an average of 0.6618. Analysis of molecular variance analysis showed that 93% of the variance was due to differences within the population, and the remaining 7% was due to differences among populations. Psathyrostachys juncea materials were clustered into five groups based on population genetic structure, principal coordinate analysis and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) analysis. The results were similar between clustering methods, but a few individual plants were distributed differently by the three models. The clustering results, gene diversity and genetic similarity coefficients showed that the overall genetic relationship of P. juncea individuals was relatively close. A Mantel test, UPGMA and structural analysis also showed a significant correlation between genetic relationship and geographical distribution. These results provide references for future breeding programs, genetic improvement and core germplasm collection of P. juncea.

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“…CAD firstly appeared in some symbiotic fungi and several unicellular algae species early in plant evolution [12]. The functions of CAD have been studied in vascular plants, such as Arabidopsis, Triticum aestivum, Oryza sativa, and Populus plants [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physcomitrium patens CAD1 has distinct roles in growth and resistance to biotic stress

Jiang

Huang

et al. 2022

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Physcomitrium patens provides an evolutionary link between green algae and vascular plants. Although the genome of P. patens includes orthologs of all the core lignin biosynthetic enzymes, the occurrence of lignin in moss is very controversial. Besides, little information is available about the lignin enzymes in moss to date. For example, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the last step of the lignin biosynthetic pathway, suggesting an ideal way to study the evolutionary process. By investigating the functions of CAD in evolution, this study will elucidate the evolutionary roles of lignin-like in the early stage of land colonization. Results CAD multigene family in P. patens is composed of four genes. The PpCADs contain a conserved glycine-rich domain to catalyze NADPH-dependent reduction to their corresponding alcohols, indicating that PpCADs have the potential to synthesize monolignols by bioinformatics analysis. Even though PpCAD1 could produce lignin in theory, no conventional monomer was detected in the cell wall or cytoplasm of PpCAD1_OE plants. However, the phenylpropanoids were promoted in PpCAD1_OE transformants to modify gametophore architecture and development, making the distribution of phyllids more scarcity and the moss colony more giant, possibly due to the enhanced expression of the AUX-IAA family. The transcripts of at least one gene encoding the enzyme in the lignin biosynthetic pathway were increased in PpCAD1_OE plants. In addition, the PpCAD1_OE gametophore inhibited the Botrytis cinerea assault mainly by enhanced phenylpropanoids in the cell wall instead of influencing transcripts of defense genes pathogenesis-related 10 (PR10) and nonexpresser of PR genes 1 (NPR1). Likewise, ectopic expression of PpCAD1 in Arabidopsis led to a significant increase in lignin content, exhibiting chunky roots, robust seedlings, advanced flowering, and efficient resistance against pathogens. Conclusion PpCAD occurs in more than one copy, suggesting functional divergence in the ancestral plant. PpCAD1 catalyzes monolignol biosynthesis and has homologous functions with vascular plants. Despite no detected conventional monolignol, the increased phenylpropanoids in the PpCAD1_OE gametophore, possibly intermediate metabolites in the lignin pathway, had conserved functions during the evolution of terrestrial plants. The results inferred that the lignin enzyme of the early non-vascular plant played roles in stem elongation and resistance against pathogens of P. patens during the conquest of land.

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Cloning, expression analysis and molecular marker development of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene in common wheat

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Regulates Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Reproduction and Development

Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Regulates Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Reproduction and Development

EST-SSR Primer Development and Genetic Structure Analysis of Psathyrostachys juncea Nevski

Physcomitrium patens CAD1 has distinct roles in growth and resistance to biotic stress

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